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The success of the transformer architecture in natural language processing has recently triggered attention in the computer vision field. The transformer has been used as a replacement for the widely used convolution operators, due to its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Jean Lahoud , Jiale Cao , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Hisham Cholakkal , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Salman Khan , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Deep neural networks used in computer vision have been shown to exhibit many social biases such as gender bias. Vision Transformers (ViTs) have become increasingly popular in computer vision applications, outperforming Convolutional Neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Abhishek Mandal , Susan Leavy , Suzanne Little

We apply pre-trained architectures, originally developed for the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge, for periocular recognition. These architectures have demonstrated significant success in various computer vision tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Fernando Alonso-Fernandez , Kevin Hernandez-Diaz , Prayag Tiwari , Josef Bigun

Light-weight convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the de-facto for mobile vision tasks. Their spatial inductive biases allow them to learn representations with fewer parameters across different vision tasks. However, these networks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Sachin Mehta , Mohammad Rastegari

Understanding the internal activations of Vision Transformers (ViTs) is critical for building interpretable and trustworthy models. While Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have been used to extract human-interpretable features, they operate on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Gerasimos Chatzoudis , Konstantinos D. Polyzos , Zhuowei Li , Difei Gu , Gemma E. Moran , Hao Wang , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Transformers were initially introduced for natural language processing (NLP) tasks, but fast they were adopted by most deep learning fields, including computer vision. They measure the relationships between pairs of input tokens (words in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Robin Courant , Maika Edberg , Nicolas Dufour , Vicky Kalogeiton

Recently, several Vision Transformer (ViT) based methods have been proposed for Fine-Grained Visual Classification (FGVC).These methods significantly surpass existing CNN-based ones, demonstrating the effectiveness of ViT in FGVC…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Zi-Chao Zhang , Zhen-Duo Chen , Yongxin Wang , Xin Luo , Xin-Shun Xu

There still remains an extreme performance gap between Vision Transformers (ViTs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) when training from scratch on small datasets, which is concluded to the lack of inductive bias. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Zhiying Lu , Hongtao Xie , Chuanbin Liu , Yongdong Zhang

The Transformer architecture has achieved significant success in natural language processing, motivating its adaptation to computer vision tasks. Unlike convolutional neural networks, vision transformers inherently capture long-range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zherui Zhang , Rongtao Xu , Jie Zhou , Changwei Wang , Xingtian Pei , Wenhao Xu , Jiguang Zhang , Li Guo , Longxiang Gao , Wenbo Xu , Shibiao Xu

In this survey paper, we review recent uses of convolution neural networks (CNNs) to solve inverse problems in imaging. It has recently become feasible to train deep CNNs on large databases of images, and they have shown outstanding…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-09-11 Michael T. McCann , Kyong Hwan Jin , Michael Unser

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in image processing tasks by utilizing self-attention mechanisms to capture global relationships within data. However, their scalability is hindered by significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Huy Trinh , Rebecca Ma , Zeqi Yu , Tahsin Reza

The recent advances in image transformers have shown impressive results and have largely closed the gap between traditional CNN architectures. The standard procedure is to train on large datasets like ImageNet-21k and then finetune on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Ethan Huynh

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance in image classification, yet their attention mechanisms often remain opaque and exhibit dense, non-structured behaviors. In this work, we adapt our previously proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Vasileios Arampatzakis , George Pavlidis , Nikolaos Mitianoudis , Nikos Papamarkos

Traditional fault diagnosis methods using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) often struggle with capturing the temporal dynamics of vibration signals. To overcome this, the application of Transformer-based Vision Transformer (ViT) methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Shouhua Zhang , Jiehan Zhou , Xue Ma , Susanna Pirttikangas , Chunsheng Yang

Medical image segmentation (MIS) aims to finely segment various organs. It requires grasping global information from both parts and the entire image for better segmenting, and clinically there are often certain requirements for segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Dongwei Gan , Ming Chang , Juan Chen

Attention-based neural networks such as the Vision Transformer (ViT) have recently attained state-of-the-art results on many computer vision benchmarks. Scale is a primary ingredient in attaining excellent results, therefore, understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Xiaohua Zhai , Alexander Kolesnikov , Neil Houlsby , Lucas Beyer

Automated analysis of ancient coins has the potential to help researchers extract more historical insights from large collections of coins and to help collectors understand what they are buying or selling. Recent research in this area has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 David Reid , Ognjen Arandjelovic

In recent years, the scientific community has focused on the development of CAD tools that could improve bone fractures' classification, mostly based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). However, the discerning accuracy of fractures'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Leonardo Tanzi , Andrea Audisio , Giansalvo Cirrincione , Alessandro Aprato , Enrico Vezzetti

Removing noise from images is a challenging and fundamental problem in the field of computer vision. Images captured by modern cameras are inevitably degraded by noise which limits the accuracy of any quantitative measurements on those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Nikhil Verma , Deepkamal Kaur , Lydia Chau

Since their inception, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have emerged as a compelling alternative to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) across a wide spectrum of tasks. ViTs exhibit notable characteristics, including global attention, resilience…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Hanan Gani , Nada Saadi , Noor Hussein , Karthik Nandakumar