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All previously derived thermodynamic fluctuation theorems (FTs) that concern multiple co-evolving systems have required that each system can only change its state during an associated pre-fixed, limited set of time intervals. However, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-04-16 David H. Wolpert

The main subject of the thesis is the study of stationary nonequilibrium states trough the use of microscopic stochastic models that encode the physical interaction in the rules of Markovian dynamics for particles configurations. These…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-02-07 Leonardo De Carlo

The total entropy production of stochastic systems can be divided into three quantities. The first corresponds to the excess heat, whilst the second two comprise the house-keeping heat. We denote these two components the transient and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-03 Richard E. Spinney , Ian J. Ford

In an Information machine system's dynamics gets affected by the attached information reservoir. Second law of thermodynamics can be apparently violated for this case. In this article we have derived second law for an information machine,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-27 Shubhashis Rana

Stochastic thermodynamics provides a framework for describing small systems like colloids or biomolecules driven out of equilibrium but still in contact with a heat bath. Both, a first-law like energy balance involving exchanged heat and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-05-21 Udo Seifert

Quantum thermodynamics investigates how robust the second law of thermodynamics serves as the unique fundamental law in the small quantum world. To tackle this problem, the quantum coherence constitutes a major difficulty of investigations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Naoto Shiraishi , Ryuji Takagi

The Fluctuation Theorem describes the probability ratio of observing trajectories that satisfy or violate the second law of thermodynamics. It has been proved in a number of different ways for thermostatted deterministic nonequilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Debra J. Searles , Denis J. Evans

We consider the stationary state of a Markov process on a bipartite system from the perspective of stochastic thermodynamics. One subsystem is used to extract work from a heat bath while being affected by the second subsystem. We show that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-03-03 David Hartich , Andre C. Barato , Udo Seifert

We show how statistical thermodynamics can be formulated in situations in which thermodynamics applies, while equilibrium statistical mechanics does not. A typical case is, in the words of Landau and Lifshitz, that of partial (or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-04-16 A. Carati , A. Maiocchi , L. Galgani

Events in mesoscopic systems often take place at first-passage times, as is for instance the case for a colloidal particle that escapes a metastable state. An interesting question is how much work an external agent has done on a particle…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-05 Izaak Neri

Neural dynamics of energy-based models are governed by energy minimization and the patterns stored in the network are retrieved when the system reaches equilibrium. However, when the system is driven by time-varying external input, the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-25 Kevin S. Chen

Identifying the origin of nonequilibrium characteristics in a generic interacting system having multiple degrees of freedom is a challenging task. In this context, information theoretic measures such as mutual information and related…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-07-24 Biswajit Das , Sreekanth K Manikandan , Ayan Banerjee

We proved when random-variable fluctuations obey the central limit theorem the equality of the uncertainty relation corresponds to the thermodynamic equilibrium state. The inequality corresponds to the thermodynamic non-equilibrium state.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 You-gang Feng

We introduce an information free energy for thermodynamic systems driven by external time-dependent parameters. We show that the latter is a nonequilibrium state function and that it is a natural generalization of the usual equilibrium and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-01-19 Sebastian Deffner , Eric Lutz

Maintained by environmental fluxes, biological systems are thermodynamic processes that operate far from equilibrium without detailed-balance dynamics. Yet, they often exhibit well defined nonequilibrium steady states (NESSs). More…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-02 P. M. Riechers , J. P. Crutchfield

We review with a tutorial scope the information theory foundations of quantum statistical physics. Only a small proportion of the variables that characterize a system at the microscopic scale can be controlled, for both practical and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Balian

Information based thermodynamic logic is revisited. It consists of two parts: Part A applies the modern theory of probability in which an arbitrary convex function \phi is employed as an analytic "device" to express information as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-07 Bing Miao , Hong Qian , Yong-Shi Wu

Equilibrium thermodynamics is grounded in the law of energy conservation, with a specific focus on how systems exchange energy with their environment during transitions between equilibrium states. These transitions are typically…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-08-19 Karol Makuch

The purpose of this work is to discuss recent progress in deriving the fundamental laws of thermodynamics (0th, 1st and 2nd-law) from nonequilibrium quantum statistical mechanics. Basic thermodynamic notions are clarified and different…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Walid K. Abou Salem

Concepts of everyday use like energy, heat, and temperature have acquired a precise meaning after the development of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics provides the basis for understanding how heat and work are related and with the general…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Reguera , J. M. Rubi , J. M. G. Vilar