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A new class of error-correcting quantum codes is introduced capable of stabilizing qubits against spontaneous decay arising from couplings to statistically independent reservoirs. These quantum codes are based on the idea of using an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Alber , Th. Beth , Ch. Charnes , A. Delgado , M. Grassl , M. Mussinger

Leakage of quantum information out of computational states into higher energy states represents a major challenge in the pursuit of quantum error correction (QEC). In a QEC circuit, leakage builds over time and spreads through multi-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Kevin C. Miao , Matt McEwen , Juan Atalaya , Dvir Kafri , Leonid P. Pryadko , Andreas Bengtsson , Alex Opremcak , Kevin J. Satzinger , Zijun Chen , Paul V. Klimov , Chris Quintana , Rajeev Acharya , Kyle Anderson , Markus Ansmann , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Abraham Asfaw , Joseph C. Bardin , Alexandre Bourassa , Jenna Bovaird , Leon Brill , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Tim Burger , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Juan Campero , Ben Chiaro , Roberto Collins , Paul Conner , Alexander L. Crook , Ben Curtin , Dripto M. Debroy , Sean Demura , Andrew Dunsworth , Catherine Erickson , Reza Fatemi , Vinicius S. Ferreira , Leslie Flores Burgos , Ebrahim Forati , Austin G. Fowler , Brooks Foxen , Gonzalo Garcia , William Giang , Craig Gidney , Marissa Giustina , Raja Gosula , Alejandro Grajales Dau , Jonathan A. Gross , Michael C. Hamilton , Sean D. Harrington , Paula Heu , Jeremy Hilton , Markus R. Hoffmann , Sabrina Hong , Trent Huang , Ashley Huff , Justin Iveland , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Cody Jones , Julian Kelly , Seon Kim , Fedor Kostritsa , John Mark Kreikebaum , David Landhuis , Pavel Laptev , Lily Laws , Kenny Lee , Brian J. Lester , Alexander T. Lill , Wayne Liu , Aditya Locharla , Erik Lucero , Steven Martin , Anthony Megrant , Xiao Mi , Shirin Montazeri , Alexis Morvan , Ofer Naaman , Matthew Neeley , Charles Neill , Ani Nersisyan , Michael Newman , Jiun How Ng , Anthony Nguyen , Murray Nguyen , Rebecca Potter , Charles Rocque , Pedram Roushan , Kannan Sankaragomathi , Christopher Schuster , Michael J. Shearn , Aaron Shorter , Noah Shutty , Vladimir Shvarts , Jindra Skruzny , W. Clarke Smith , George Sterling , Marco Szalay , Douglas Thor , Alfredo Torres , Theodore White , Bryan W. K. Woo , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Juhwan Yoo , Grayson Young , Adam Zalcman , Ningfeng Zhu , Nicholas Zobrist , Hartmut Neven , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Andre Petukhov , Alexander N. Korotkov , Daniel Sank , Yu Chen

The performance of a quantum error-correction process is determined by the likelihood that a random configuration of errors introduced to the system will lead to the corruption of encoded logical information. In this work we compare two…

We demonstrate a quantum error correction scheme that protects against accidental measurement, using an encoding where the logical state of a single qubit is encoded into two physical qubits using a non-deterministic photonic CNOT gate. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. L. O'Brien , G. J. Pryde , A. G. White , T. C. Ralph

Fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) is expected to address a wide range of computational problems. To realize large-scale FTQC, it is essential to encode logical qubits using quantum error-correcting codes. High-rate concatenated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Takeshi Kakizaki

Quantum error-correcting codes aim to protect information in quantum systems to enable fault-tolerant quantum computations. The most prevalent method, stabilizer codes, has been well developed for many varieties of systems, however, largely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-10 Lane G. Gunderman

We introduce simple qubit-encodings and logic gates which eliminate the need for certain difficult single-qubit operations in superconducting phase-qubits, while preserving universality. The simplest encoding uses two physical qubits per…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-08-31 Daniel A. Lidar , Lian-Ao Wu , Alexandre Blais

Quantum computation holds the promise of solving certain complex problems exponentially faster than classical computers. However, the high prevalent noise in current quantum devices impedes the accurate execution of even basic algorithms.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Prithviraj Prabhu

We show how a qubit can be fault-tolerantly encoded in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space of an optical mode. The scheme is efficient and realizable with present technologies. In fact, it involves two travelling optical modes coupled by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Pirandola , S. Mancini , D. Vitali , P. Tombesi

We explore the design of quantum error-correcting codes for cases where the decoherence events of qubits are correlated. In particular, we consider the case where only spatially contiguous qubits decohere, which is analogous to the case of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 F. Vatan , V. P. Roychowdhury , M. P. Anantram

We consider some questions related to codes constructed using various graphs, in particular focusing on graphs which are not lattices in two or three dimensions. We begin by considering Floquet codes which can be constructed using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 M. B. Hastings

Current quantum processors are fragile, noisy and fairly limited in both quantity and quality with tens of qubits and physical error rates of around 10^-3. To realize practical quantum applications, however, error rates need to be below…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Hany Ali

Existing real-time decoders for surface codes are limited to isolated logical qubits and do not support logical operations involving multiple logical qubits. We present DECONET, a first-of-its-kind decoding system that scales to thousands…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Namitha Liyanage , Yue Wu , Emmet Houghton , Lin Zhong

Qudits can be described by a state vector in a $q$-dimensional Hilbert space, enabling a more extensive encoding and manipulation of information compared to qubits. This implies that conducting fault-tolerant quantum computations using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 James Keppens , Quinten Eggerickx , Vukan Levajac , George Simion , Bart Sorée

We study, by means of the stabilizer formalism, a quantum error correcting code which is alternative to the standard block codes since it embeds a qubit into a qudit. The code exploits the non-commutative geometry of discrete phase space to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Carlo Cafaro , Federico Maiolini , Stefano Mancini

We introduce a class of 3D color codes, which we call stacked codes, together with a fault-tolerant transformation that will map logical qubits encoded in two-dimensional (2D) color codes into stacked codes and back. The stacked code allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-07 Tomas Jochym-O'Connor , Stephen D. Bartlett

The period-doubling oscillation emerges with the coexistence between zero and {\pi} modes in Floquet topological insulator. Here, utilized the flexibility of the circuit, we construct the Floquet circuit with frequency-synthetic dimension…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Bo Lv , Shiyun Xia , Ye Tian , Ting Liu , Hongyang Mu , Zhichao Shen , Sijie Wang , Zheng Zhu , Huibin Tao , Fanyi Meng , Jinhui Shi

Dynamical stabilizer codes may offer a practical route to large-scale quantum computation. Such codes are defined by a schedule of error-detecting measurements, which allows for flexibility in their construction. In this work, we ask how…

Recent years have seen rapid development in the subject of quantum coding theory, with breakthroughs on many exciting classes of codes, including quantum LDPC codes, quantum locally testable codes, and quantum codes with interesting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Adam Wills , Ting-Chun Lin , Rachel Yun Zhang , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Quantum error correction is needed for quantum computers to be capable of fault-tolerantly executing algorithms using hundreds of logical qubits. Recent experiments have demonstrated subthreshold error rates for state preservation of a…