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We present a uniform method for translating an arbitrary nondeterministic finite automaton (NFA) into a deterministic mass action input/output chemical reaction network (I/O CRN) that simulates it. The I/O CRN receives its input as a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Titus H. Klinge , James I. Lathrop , Jack H. Lutz

Well-mixed chemical reaction networks (CRNs) contain many distinct chemical species with copy numbers that fluctuate in correlated ways. While those correlations are typically monitored via Monte Carlo sampling of stochastic trajectories,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-01-14 John P. Zima , Schuyler B. Nicholson , Todd R. Gingrich

A reaction network is a chemical system involving multiple reactions and chemical species. Stochastic models of such networks treat the system as a continuous time Markov chain on the number of molecules of each species with reactions as…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Karen Ball , Thomas G. Kurtz , Lea Popovic , Greg Rempala

We derive the Hessian geometric structure of nonequilibrium chemical reaction networks (CRN) on the flux and force spaces induced by the Legendre duality of convex dissipation functions and characterize their dynamics as a generalized flow.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-06-03 Tetsuya J. Kobayashi , Dimitri Loutchko , Atsushi Kamimura , Yuki Sughiyama

This paper answers an open question of Chen, Doty, and Soloveichik [1], who showed that a function f:N^k --> N^l is deterministically computable by a stochastic chemical reaction network (CRN) if and only if the graph of f is a semilinear…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-04-17 David Doty , Monir Hajiaghayi

We analyze the computational complexity of basic reconfiguration problems for the recently introduced surface Chemical Reaction Networks (sCRNs), where ordered pairs of adjacent species nondeterministically transform into a different…

We obtain bounds on the Kullback--Leibler divergence to equilibrium for mass-action chemical reaction networks (CRNs) with equilibrium. The associated decay rates are characterized in terms of the singular values of the stoichiometric…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-24 Keisuke Sugie , Dimitri Loutchko , Tetsuya J. Kobayashi

We propose a direct optimization framework for learning reduced and sparse chemical reaction networks (CRNs) from time-series trajectory data. In contrast to widely used indirect methods-such as those based on sparse identification of…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-27 Maurice Filo , Mustafa Khammash

Metal energy carriers recently gained growing interest in research as a promising storage and transport material for renewable electricity. Within the development of a metal-fueled circular energy economy, research involves a model…

Chemical reaction network theory is a field of applied mathematics concerned with modeling chemical systems, and can be used in other contexts such as in systems biology to study cellular signaling pathways or epidemiology to study the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-06-17 Maize Curiel , Elise Farr , Galileo Fries , Luis David García Puente , Julian Hutchins , Vuong Nguyen Hoang

Autocatalysis is an important feature of metabolic networks, contributing crucially to the self-maintenance of organisms. Autocatalytic subsystems of chemical reaction networks (CRNs) are characterized in terms of algebraic conditions on…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-06 Richard Golnik , Thomas Gatter , Peter F. Stadler , Nicola Vassena

While the field of first-principles explorations into chemical reaction space has been continuously growing, the development of strategies for analyzing resulting chemical reaction networks (CRNs) is lagging behind. A CRN consists of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-12-19 Paul L. Türtscher , Markus Reiher

We study how the properties of allowing multiple positive nondegenerate equilibria (MPNE) and multiple positive linearly stable equilibria (MPSE) are inherited in chemical reaction networks (CRNs). Specifically, when is it that we can…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-09-11 Murad Banaji , Casian Pantea

Dynamical systems arising from chemical reaction networks with mass action kinetics are the subject of chemical reaction network theory (CRNT). In particular, this theory provides statements about uniqueness, existence, and stability of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-06-26 Stefan Müller , Georg Regensburger

Computer algebra methods for analyzing reaction networks often rely on the assumption of mass-action kinetics, which transform the governing ODEs into polynomial systems amenable to techniques such as Gr\"obner basis computation and related…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-19 Richard Golnik , Thomas Gatter , Peter F. Stadler , Nicola Vassena

In the first part of this paper we give a short review of the hierarchy of stochastic models, related to physical chemistry. In the basement of this hierarchy there are two models --- stochastic chemical kinetics and the Kac model for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-12-26 V. A. Malyshev

Autocatalytic chemical reaction networks can collectively replicate or maintain their constituents despite degradation reactions only above a certain threshold, which we refer to as the decay threshold. When the chemical network has a…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-17 Armand Despons , Jérémie Unterberger , David Lacoste

We classify the functions $f:\mathbb{N}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ which are stably computable by output-oblivious Stochastic Chemical Reaction Networks (CRNs), i.e., systems of reactions in which output species are never reactants. While it…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Ben Chugg , Anne Condon , Hooman Hashemi

Robustness against the presence of environmental disruptions can be observed in many systems of chemical reaction network. However, identifying the underlying components of a system that give rise to robustness is often elusive. The…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Noel T. Fortun , Angelyn R. Lao , Luis F. Razon , Eduardo R. Mendoza

The historical quest for unifying the concepts and methods of Chemical Reaction Networks theory (CRNT), Mahematical Epidemiology (ME) and ecology has received increased attention in the last years and has led in particular to the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Florin Avram , Rim Adenane , Andrei-Dan Halanay
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