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Although much research has focused on AI explanations to support decisions in complex information-seeking tasks such as fact-checking, the role of evidence is surprisingly under-researched. In our study, we systematically varied explanation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Greta Warren , Jingyi Sun , Irina Shklovski , Isabelle Augenstein

Natural language inference (NLI) is formulated as a unified framework for solving various NLP problems such as relation extraction, question answering, summarization, etc. It has been studied intensively in the past few years thanks to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Wenpeng Yin , Dragomir Radev , Caiming Xiong

Question-answering (QA) is certainly the best known and probably also one of the most complex problem within Natural Language Processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). Since the complete solution to the problem of finding a generic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Giovanni Di Gennaro , Amedeo Buonanno , Antonio Di Girolamo , Armando Ospedale , Francesco A. N. Palmieri

Question Answering (QA) is the task of automatically answering questions posed by humans in natural languages. There are different settings to answer a question, such as abstractive, extractive, boolean, and multiple-choice QA. As a popular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhichao Duan , Xiuxing Li , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhenyu Li , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

Complex question-answering (CQA) involves answering complex natural-language questions on a knowledge base (KB). However, the conventional neural program induction (NPI) approach exhibits uneven performance when the questions have different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Yuncheng Hua , Yuan-Fang Li , Gholamreza Haffari , Guilin Qi , Tongtong Wu

Question-answering software is becoming increasingly integrated into our daily lives, with prominent examples including Apple Siri and Amazon Alexa. Ensuring the quality of such systems is critical, as incorrect answers could lead to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Shuang Liu , Zhirun Zhang , Jinhao Dong , Zan Wang , Qingchao Shen , Junjie Chen , Wei Lu , Xiaoyong Du

Open book question answering is a type of natural language based QA (NLQA) where questions are expected to be answered with respect to a given set of open book facts, and common knowledge about a topic. Recently a challenge involving such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Pratyay Banerjee , Kuntal Kumar Pal , Arindam Mitra , Chitta Baral

In high-stakes domains like medicine, it may be generally desirable for models to faithfully adhere to the context provided. But what happens if the context does not align with model priors or safety protocols? In this paper, we investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Kaijie Mo , Siddhartha Venkatayogi , Chantal Shaib , Ramez Kouzy , Wei Xu , Byron C. Wallace , Junyi Jessy Li

We explore the task of improving persona consistency of dialogue agents. Recent models tackling consistency often train with additional Natural Language Inference (NLI) labels or attach trained extra modules to the generative agent for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Hyunwoo Kim , Byeongchang Kim , Gunhee Kim

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has boosted performance and possibilities in various NLP tasks. While the usage of generative AI models like ChatGPT opens up new opportunities for several business use cases, their current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Matthias Engelbach , Dennis Klau , Felix Scheerer , Jens Drawehn , Maximilien Kintz

Large-scale pre-trained language models have demonstrated high performance on standard datasets for natural language inference (NLI) tasks. Unfortunately, these evaluations can be misleading, as although the models can perform well on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Daniel Petrov

The quality of rationales is essential in the reasoning capabilities of language models. Rationales not only enhance reasoning performance in complex natural language tasks but also justify model decisions. However, obtaining impeccable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Hazel H. Kim

The inevitable appearance of spurious correlations in training datasets hurts the generalization of NLP models on unseen data. Previous work has found that datasets with paired inputs are prone to correlations between a specific part of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yanai Elazar , Bhargavi Paranjape , Hao Peng , Sarah Wiegreffe , Khyathi Raghavi , Vivek Srikumar , Sameer Singh , Noah A. Smith

Question Answering (QA) on narrative text poses a unique challenge to current systems, requiring a deep understanding of long, complex documents. However, the reliability of NarrativeQA, the most widely used benchmark in this domain, is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tommaso Bonomo , Luca Gioffré , Roberto Navigli

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities, enabling concise, context-aware answers in question answering (QA) tasks. The lack of transparency in complex LLMs has inspired extensive research aimed at developing methods to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Yangyi Li , Mengdi Huai

Knowledge-dependent tasks typically use two sources of knowledge: parametric, learned at training time, and contextual, given as a passage at inference time. To understand how models use these sources together, we formalize the problem of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Shayne Longpre , Kartik Perisetla , Anthony Chen , Nikhil Ramesh , Chris DuBois , Sameer Singh

Question Answering (QA) has proved to be an arduous challenge in the area of natural language processing (NLP) and artificial intelligence (AI). Many attempts have been made to develop complete solutions for QA as well as improving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Pragya Katyayan , Nisheeth Joshi

Large language models (LLMs) have grown in popularity due to their natural language interface and pre trained knowledge, leading to rapidly increasing success in question-answering (QA) tasks. More recently, multi-agent systems with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Bhrij Patel , Vishnu Sashank Dorbala , Amrit Singh Bedi , Dinesh Manocha

Natural language processing systems are often downstream of unreliable inputs: machine translation, optical character recognition, or speech recognition. For instance, virtual assistants can only answer your questions after understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Denis Peskov , Joe Barrow , Pedro Rodriguez , Graham Neubig , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Model interpretability methods are often used to explain NLP model decisions on tasks such as text classification, where the output space is relatively small. However, when applied to language generation, where the output space often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Kayo Yin , Graham Neubig