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In this survey, we first introduce the background of popular sensors used for self-driving, their data properties, and the corresponding object detection algorithms. Next, we discuss existing datasets that can be used for evaluating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Yingjie Wang , Qiuyu Mao , Hanqi Zhu , Jiajun Deng , Yu Zhang , Jianmin Ji , Houqiang Li , Yanyong Zhang

Monocular object detection and tracking have improved drastically in recent years, but rely on a key assumption: that objects are visible to the camera. Many offline tracking approaches reason about occluded objects post-hoc, by linking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Tarasha Khurana , Achal Dave , Deva Ramanan

Autonomous robots that rely on deep neural network controllers pose critical challenges for safety prediction, especially under partial observability and distribution shift. Traditional model-based verification techniques are limited in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zhenjiang Mao , Mrinall Eashaan Umasudhan , Ivan Ruchkin

Data pooling offers various advantages, such as increasing the sample size, improving generalization, reducing sampling bias, and addressing data sparsity and quality, but it is not straightforward and may even be counterproductive.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Stefan Becker , Jens Bayer , Ronny Hug , Wolfgang Hübner , Michael Arens

Transfer learning has become crucial in computer vision tasks due to the vast availability of pre-trained deep learning models. However, selecting the optimal pre-trained model from a diverse pool for a specific downstream task remains a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Xiaotong Li , Zixuan Hu , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Ling-Yu Duan

We introduce a framework for multi-camera 3D object detection. In contrast to existing works, which estimate 3D bounding boxes directly from monocular images or use depth prediction networks to generate input for 3D object detection from 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Yue Wang , Vitor Guizilini , Tianyuan Zhang , Yilun Wang , Hang Zhao , Justin Solomon

Indoor 3D object detection is an essential task in single image scene understanding, impacting spatial cognition fundamentally in visual reasoning. Existing works on 3D object detection from a single image either pursue this goal through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yanjun Liu , Wenming Yang

The main challenge of monocular 3D object detection is the accurate localization of 3D center. Motivated by a new and strong observation that this challenge can be remedied by a 3D-space local-grid search scheme in an ideal case, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Xianpeng Liu , Ce Zheng , Kelvin Cheng , Nan Xue , Guo-Jun Qi , Tianfu Wu

Trustworthy machine learning is of primary importance to the practical deployment of deep learning models. While state-of-the-art models achieve astonishingly good performance in terms of accuracy, recent literature reveals that their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Ailin Deng , Shen Li , Miao Xiong , Zhirui Chen , Bryan Hooi

Without manually annotated identities, unsupervised multi-object trackers are inferior to learning reliable feature embeddings. It causes the similarity-based inter-frame association stage also be error-prone, where an uncertainty problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Kai Liu , Sheng Jin , Zhihang Fu , Ze Chen , Rongxin Jiang , Jieping Ye

Multi-modal 3D object detection models for automated driving have demonstrated exceptional performance on computer vision benchmarks like nuScenes. However, their reliance on densely sampled LiDAR point clouds and meticulously calibrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Till Beemelmanns , Quan Zhang , Christian Geller , Lutz Eckstein

A significant portion of driving hazards is caused by human error and disregard for local driving regulations; Consequently, an intelligent assistance system can be beneficial. This paper proposes a novel vision-based modular package to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Amirhossein Kazerouni , Amirhossein Heydarian , Milad Soltany , Aida Mohammadshahi , Abbas Omidi , Saeed Ebadollahi

Object detection plays an important role in self-driving cars for security development. However, mobile systems on self-driving cars with limited computation resources lead to difficulties for object detection. To facilitate this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Pu Zhao , Wei Niu , Geng Yuan , Yuxuan Cai , Bin Ren , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

Perception and prediction modules are critical components of autonomous driving systems, enabling vehicles to navigate safely through complex environments. The perception module is responsible for perceiving the environment, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Lucas Dal'Col , Miguel Oliveira , Vítor Santos

Estimating and understanding the surroundings of the vehicle precisely forms the basic and crucial step for the autonomous vehicle. The perception system plays a significant role in providing an accurate interpretation of a vehicle's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Sreenivasa Hikkal Venugopala

Inspired by human behavior when traveling over unknown terrain, this study proposes the use of probing strategies and integrates them into a traversability analysis framework to address safe navigation on unknown rough terrain. Our…

Object detection is an essential task for autonomous robots operating in dynamic and changing environments. A robot should be able to detect objects in the presence of sensor noise that can be induced by changing lighting conditions for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Oier Mees , Andreas Eitel , Wolfram Burgard

The great performance of machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks in several perception and control tasks is pushing the industry to adopt such technologies in safety-critical applications, as autonomous robots and self-driving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Giulio Rossolini , Alessandro Biondi , Giorgio Buttazzo

Recent developments and the beginning market introduction of high-resolution imaging 4D (3+1D) radar sensors have initialized deep learning-based radar perception research. We investigate deep learning-based models operating on radar point…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Patrick Palmer , Martin Krueger , Richard Altendorfer , Ganesh Adam , Torsten Bertram

This paper addresses the observability analysis and the optimal design of observation parameters in the presence of noisy measurements and parametric uncertainties. The main underlying frameworks are the nonlinear constrained moving horizon…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-05 Mazen Alamir