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A linear coupling between a scalar field and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant is the only known interaction term between a scalar and the metric that: respects shift symmetry; does not lead to higher order equations; inevitably introduces black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-19 Robert Benkel , Thomas P. Sotiriou , Helvi Witek

In a recent Letter we have shown that in shift-symmetric Horndeski theory the scalar field is forced to obtain a nontrivial configuration in black hole spacetimes, unless a linear coupling with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant is tuned away. As a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-12 Thomas P. Sotiriou , Shuang-Yong Zhou

We consider Einstein gravity minimally coupled to two Maxwell fields and one (real) dilaton scalar. We study the electrically-charged spherically-symmetric and static solutions that are asymptotic to Minkowski spacetime. General solutions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-11 Guan-Yi Lu , Meng-Nan Yang , H. Lu

Alternative theories of gravity may be put to the test by making use of gravitational wave observations. Scalar-tensor theories provide a relatively simple framework that allows for compact object solutions with characteristics different…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-13 Georgios Antoniou

We study the nonlinear dynamics of black holes that carry scalar hair and binaries composed of such black holes. The scalar hair is due to a linear or exponential coupling between the scalar and the Gauss--Bonnet invariant. We work…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-03 Helvi Witek , Leonardo Gualtieri , Paolo Pani , Thomas P. Sotiriou

The evolution of the event horizon when two black holes merge can be determined by resorting to ray-tracing techniques on a single black hole spacetime, under the assumption that the binary's mass ratio is infinite and the underlying…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Antonia M. Frassino , David C. Lopes , Jorge V. Rocha

Deviations from General Relativity can alter the quasi-normal mode (QNM) ringdown of perturbed black holes. It is known that a shift-symmetric (hence massless) scalar can only introduce black hole hair if it couples to the Gauss-Bonnet…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-02 Giovanni D'Addario , Antonio Padilla , Paul M. Saffin , Thomas P. Sotiriou , Andrew Spiers

We study standard Einstein-Maxwell theory minimally coupled to a complex valued and self-interacting scalar field. We demonstrate that new, previously unnoticed spherically symmetric, charged black hole solutions with scalar hair exist in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-22 Y. Brihaye , B. Hartmann

We study the loss of hyperbolicity of perturbation equations for black hole solutions of scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We consider a class of coupling functions allowing for static black hole solutions with arbitrary small masses. For masses…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-13 Dario Rossi , Leonardo Gualtieri , Thomas P. Sotiriou

Recently it was pointed out that in shift-symmetric scalar-tensor theories a black hole can have nontrivial scalar hair which depends linearly on time. We develop black hole perturbation theory for such solutions and compute the quadratic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-13 Hiromu Ogawa , Tsutomu Kobayashi , Teruaki Suyama

In $U(1)$ gauge-invariant scalar-vector-tensor theories with second-order equations of motion, we study the properties of black holes (BH) on a static and spherically symmetric background. In shift-symmetric theories invariant under the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-10 Lavinia Heisenberg , Shinji Tsujikawa

Three - dimensional static and spinning black hole solutions of the Einstein-Klein-Gordon system are obtained for a particular scalar field configuration. At large distances, and for small scalar field, the solutions reduce to the BTZ black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-11 Thanasis Karakasis , George Koutsoumbas , Eleftherios Papantonopoulos

No-hair theorems for scalar-tensor theories imply that the trivial scalar field configuration is the unique configuration around stationary black hole spacetimes. The most basic assumption in these theorems is that a constant scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-12 Mehdi Saravani , Thomas P. Sotiriou

The present thesis attempts to study the effect of scalar fields on Hawking radiation and quasinormal modes of black holes. We selected a static, spherically symmetric electrically charged black hole with an additional scalar 'hair' for our…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-07 Avijit Chowdhury

We propose a new model of black hole spontaneous scalarization that combines a scalar--Gauss--Bonnet interaction with a non--minimal coupling to a U(1) gauge field (a dark photon or an electromagnetic field). This construction generalizes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Zakaria Belkhadria , Salvatore Mignemi

It has been previously shown that a Gauss-Bonnet term non-minimally coupled to a scalar field produces a scalarised black hole solution, which can be considered as having secondary scalar hair, parametrised in terms of the black hole's mass…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-18 Callum L Hunter , Douglas J Smith

Scalar-tensor theories are a natural alternative to general relativity, as they may provide an effective dark energy phenomenology on cosmological scales while passing local tests, but their black hole solutions are still poorly understood.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-11 Lodovico Capuano , Luca Santoni , Enrico Barausse

We obtain and analyze an exact solution to Einstein-Maxwell-scalar theory in $(2+1)$ dimensions, in which the scalar field couples to gravity in a non-minimal way, and it also couples to itself with the self-interacting potential solely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-06-12 Wei Xu , Liu Zhao

We consider charged black holes with scalar hair obtained in a class of Einstein-Maxwell-scalar models, where the scalar field is coupled to the Maxwell invariant with a quartic coupling function. Besides the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-04 Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo , Sarah Kahlen , Jutta Kunz

We construct spinning black holes (BHs) in shift-symmetric Horndeski theory. This is an Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet model wherein the (real) scalar field couples linearly to the Gauss-Bonnet curvature squared combination. The BH solutions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-20 Jorge F. M. Delgado , Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Eugen Radu
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