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The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most challenging NP-hard problems. It has widely applications in various disciplines such as physics, biology, computer science and so forth. The best known approximation algorithm for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Wenhong Tian , Chaojie Huang , Xinyang Wang , Qin Xiong

We present a black-box reduction from the path version of the Traveling Salesman Problem (Path TSP) to the classical tour version (TSP). More precisely, we show that given an $\alpha$-approximation algorithm for TSP, then, for any $\epsilon…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Vera Traub , Jens Vygen , Rico Zenklusen

We show that the classical LP relaxation of the asymmetric traveling salesman path problem (ATSPP) has constant integrality ratio. If $\rho_{\text{ATSP}}$ and $\rho_{\text{ATSPP}}$ denote the integrality ratios for the asymmetric TSP and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Anna Köhne , Vera Traub , Jens Vygen

We give a constant-factor approximation algorithm for the asymmetric traveling salesman problem (ATSP). Our approximation guarantee is analyzed with respect to the standard LP relaxation, and thus our result confirms the conjectured…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Ola Svensson , Jakub Tarnawski , László A. Végh

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most extensively researched and widely applied combinatorial optimization problems. It is NP-hard even in the symmetric and metric case. Building upon elaborate research, state-of-the-art…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Sabrina C. L. Ammann , Birte Ostermann , Sebastian Stiller , Timo de Wolff

Prize-Collecting TSP is a variant of the traveling salesperson problem where one may drop vertices from the tour at the cost of vertex-dependent penalties. The quality of a solution is then measured by adding the length of the tour and the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jannis Blauth , Nathan Klein , Martin Nägele

We present a new approach for gluing tours over certain tight, 3-edge cuts. Gluing over 3-edge cuts has been used in algorithms for finding Hamilton cycles in special graph classes and in proving bounds for 2-edge-connected subgraph…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Arash Haddadan , Alantha Newman

In this paper we consider the Recoverable Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Here the task is to find two tours simultaneously, such that the intersection between the tours is at least a given minimum size, while the sum of travel distances…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-19 Marc Goerigk , Stefan Lendl , Lasse Wulf

We describe a hybrid procedure for solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP) to provable optimality. We first sparsify the instance, and then use a hybrid algorithm that combines a branch-and-cut TSP solver with a Hamiltonian cycle…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-22 Vladimir Ejov , Michael Haythorpe , Serguei Rossomakhine

In Asymmetric A Priori TSP (with independent activation probabilities) we are given an instance of the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem together with an activation probability for each vertex. The task is to compute a tour that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Manuel Christalla , Luise Puhlmann , Vera Traub

The quadratic traveling salesperson problem (QTSP) is a generalization of the traveling salesperson problem, in which all triples of consecutive customers in a tour determine the travel cost. We propose compact optimization models for QTSP…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-30 Yuxiao Chen , Nivetha Sathish , Anubhav Singh , Ryo Kuroiwa , J. Christopher Beck

De Klerk, Pasechnik, and Sotirov give a semidefinite programming constraint for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) based on the matrix-tree Theorem. This constraint says that the aggregate weight of all spanning trees in a solution to a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Samuel C. Gutekunst , David P. Williamson

We investigate semi-streaming algorithms for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Specifically, we focus on a variant known as the $(1,2)$-TSP, where the distances between any two vertices are either one or two. Our primary emphasis is on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Sharareh Alipour , Ermiya Farokhnejad , Tobias Mömke

TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem), a classic NP-complete problem in combinatorial optimization, is of great significance in multiple fields. Exact algorithms for TSP are not practical due to their exponential time cost. Thus, approximate…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Yang Li , Junbin Gao , Mingyuan Bai , Chengjun Li , Gang Liu

The Traveling Salesman Problem is one of the most studied problems in computational complexity and its approximability has been a long standing open question. Currently, the best known inapproximability threshold known is 220/219 due to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-06-13 Michael Lampis

We consider a new semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation of the symmetric traveling salesman problem (TSP) that may be obtained via an SDP relaxation of the more general quadratic assignment problem (QAP). We show that the new relaxation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-02-12 Etienne de Klerk , Dmitrii V. Pasechnik , Renata Sotirov

The travelling thief problem (TTP) is a multi-component optimisation problem involving two interdependent NP-hard components: the travelling salesman problem (TSP) and the knapsack problem (KP). Recent state-of-the-art TTP solvers modify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Majid Namazi , Conrad Sanderson , M. A. Hakim Newton , Abdul Sattar

The Travelling Salesman Problem is one the most fundamental and most studied problems in approximation algorithms. For more than 30 years, the best algorithm known for general metrics has been Christofides's algorithm with approximation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-10-05 Marcin Mucha

The traveling salesman (or salesperson) problem, short TSP, is a problem of strong interest to many researchers from mathematics, economics, and computer science. Manifold TSP variants occur in nearly every scientific field and application…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Sophia Saller , Jana Koehler , Andreas Karrenbauer

We present approximation algorithms for almost all variants of the multi-criteria traveling salesman problem (TSP). First, we devise randomized approximation algorithms for multi-criteria maximum traveling salesman problems (Max-TSP). For…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-07-14 Bodo Manthey