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Neural network models often generalize poorly to mismatched domains or distributions. In NLP, this issue arises in particular when models are expected to generalize compositionally, that is, to novel combinations of familiar words and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Wang Zhu , Peter Shaw , Tal Linzen , Fei Sha

Histopathological images are essential for medical diagnosis and treatment planning, but interpreting them accurately using machine learning can be challenging due to variations in tissue preparation, staining and imaging protocols. Domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Vaibhav Khamankar , Sutanu Bera , Saumik Bhattacharya , Debashis Sen , Prabir Kumar Biswas

Regularization is commonly used for alleviating overfitting in machine learning. For convolutional neural networks (CNNs), regularization methods, such as DropBlock and Shake-Shake, have illustrated the improvement in the generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Yi Wang , Zhen-Peng Bian , Junhui Hou , Lap-Pui Chau

Transformers serve as the foundational architecture for many successful large-scale models, demonstrating the ability to overfit the training data while maintaining strong generalization on unseen data, a phenomenon known as benign…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yingying Zhang , Zhenyu Wu , Jian Li , Yong Liu

Existing domain generalization (DG) methods for cross-person generalization tasks often face challenges in capturing intra- and inter-domain style diversity, resulting in domain gaps with the target domain. In this study, we explore a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Zhidan Liu , Yuhan Wu , Yang He , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Traditional normalization techniques (e.g., Batch Normalization and Instance Normalization) generally and simplistically assume that training and test data follow the same distribution. As distribution shifts are inevitable in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Zhiqiang Tang , Yunhe Gao , Yi Zhu , Zhi Zhang , Mu Li , Dimitris Metaxas

Batch normalization is widely used in deep learning to normalize intermediate activations. Deep networks suffer from notoriously increased training complexity, mandating careful initialization of weights, requiring lower learning rates,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-19 Lakshmi Annamalai , Chetan Singh Thakur

Domain Generalization aims to develop models that can generalize to novel and unseen data distributions. In this work, we study how model architectures and pre-training objectives impact feature richness and propose a method to effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Xavier Thomas , Deepti Ghadiyaram

Semantic segmentation models trained on synthetic data often perform poorly on real-world images due to domain gaps, particularly in adverse conditions where labeled data is scarce. Yet, recent foundation models enable to generate realistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Estelle Chigot , Dennis G. Wilson , Meriem Ghrib , Thomas Oberlin

Domain generalization (DG) is a principal task to evaluate the robustness of computer vision models. Many previous studies have used normalization for DG. In normalization, statistics and normalized features are regarded as style and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Sangrok Lee , Jongseong Bae , Ha Young Kim

The performance of existing underwater object detection methods degrades seriously when facing domain shift caused by complicated underwater environments. Due to the limitation of the number of domains in the dataset, deep detectors easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Yang Chen , Pinhao Song , Hong Liu , Linhui Dai , Xiaochuan Zhang , Runwei Ding , Shengquan Li

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) refers to the method that utilizes annotated source domain data and unlabeled target domain data to train a model capable of generalizing to the target domain data. Domain discrepancy leads to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Ting Li , Jianshu Chao , Deyu An

Deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated unprecedented success for medical imaging applications. However, due to the issue of limited dataset availability and the strict legal and ethical requirements for patient privacy protection, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Chris Xing Tian , Haoliang Li , Yufei Wang , Shiqi Wang

Unsupervised domain adaptation methods aim to alleviate performance degradation caused by domain-shift by learning domain-invariant representations. Existing deep domain adaptation methods focus on holistic feature alignment by matching…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Jun Wen , Risheng Liu , Nenggan Zheng , Qian Zheng , Zhefeng Gong , Junsong Yuan

Traditional deep learning algorithms often fail to generalize when they are tested outside of the domain of the training data. The issue can be mitigated by using unlabeled data from the target domain at training time, but because data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Thomas Duboudin , Emmanuel Dellandréa , Corentin Abgrall , Gilles Hénaff , Liming Chen

While deep learning models excel at predictive tasks, they often overfit due to their complex structure and large number of parameters, causing them to memorize training data, including noise, rather than learn patterns that generalize to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Joshua Salim , Jordan Yu , Xilei Zhao

We propose an extended framework for marginalized domain adaptation, aimed at addressing unsupervised, supervised and semi-supervised scenarios. We argue that the denoising principle should be extended to explicitly promote domain-invariant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Gabriela Csurka , Boris Chidlovski , Stephane Clinchant , Sophia Michel

Shortcut learning occurs when a deep neural network overly relies on spurious correlations in the training dataset in order to solve downstream tasks. Prior works have shown how this impairs the compositional generalization capability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Piyapat Saranrittichai , Chaithanya Kumar Mummadi , Claudia Blaiotta , Mauricio Munoz , Volker Fischer

Existing calibration algorithms address the problem of covariate shift via unsupervised domain adaptation. However, these methods suffer from the following limitations: 1) they require unlabeled data from the target domain, which may not be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yunye Gong , Xiao Lin , Yi Yao , Thomas G. Dietterich , Ajay Divakaran , Melinda Gervasio

Signal classification models based on deep neural networks are typically trained on datasets collected under controlled conditions, either simulated or over-the-air (OTA), which are constrained to specific channel environments with limited…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Mohammad Ali , Fuhao Li , Jielun Zhang
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