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Cross-modal retrieval (CMR) has been extensively applied in various domains, such as multimedia search engines and recommendation systems. Most existing CMR methods focus on image-to-text retrieval, whereas audio-to-text retrieval, a less…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Kaiyi Luo , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Huaxiong Li , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

In recent years, the explosion of web videos makes text-video retrieval increasingly essential and popular for video filtering, recommendation, and search. Text-video retrieval aims to rank relevant text/video higher than irrelevant ones.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chen Jiang , Hong Liu , Xuzheng Yu , Qing Wang , Yuan Cheng , Jia Xu , Zhongyi Liu , Qingpei Guo , Wei Chu , Ming Yang , Yuan Qi

Most of existing audio fingerprinting systems have limitations to be used for high-specific audio retrieval at scale. In this work, we generate a low-dimensional representation from a short unit segment of audio, and couple this fingerprint…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Sungkyun Chang , Donmoon Lee , Jeongsoo Park , Hyungui Lim , Kyogu Lee , Karam Ko , Yoonchang Han

In speaker verification, contrastive learning is gaining popularity as an alternative to the traditionally used classification-based approaches. Contrastive methods can benefit from an effective use of hard negative pairs, which are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Piotr Masztalski , Michał Romaniuk , Jakub Żak , Mateusz Matuszewski , Konrad Kowalczyk

Training dense passage representations via contrastive learning has been shown effective for Open-Domain Passage Retrieval (ODPR). Existing studies focus on further optimizing by improving negative sampling strategy or extra pretraining.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Bohong Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Jinyuan Wang , Hai Zhao

Negative sampling is a limiting factor w.r.t. the generalization of metric-learned neural networks. We show that uniform negative sampling provides little information about the class boundaries and thus propose three novel techniques for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 James O' Neill , Danushka Bollegala

Better disentanglement of speech representation is essential to improve the quality of voice conversion. Recently contrastive learning is applied to voice conversion successfully based on speaker labels. However, the performance of model…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yimin Deng , Xulong Zhang , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Self-supervised audio-visual source localization aims to locate sound-source objects in video frames without extra annotations. Recent methods often approach this goal with the help of contrastive learning, which assumes only the audio and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Weixuan Sun , Jiayi Zhang , Jianyuan Wang , Zheyuan Liu , Yiran Zhong , Tianpeng Feng , Yandong Guo , Yanhao Zhang , Nick Barnes

Linking sheet music images to audio recordings remains a key problem for the development of efficient cross-modal music retrieval systems. One of the fundamental approaches toward this task is to learn a cross-modal embedding space via deep…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Luis Carvalho , Tobias Washüttl , Gerhard Widmer

The abundance and ease of utilizing sound, along with the fact that auditory clues reveal a plethora of information about what happens in a scene, make the audio-visual space an intuitive choice for representation learning. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Mahdi M. Kalayeh , Shervin Ardeshir , Lingyi Liu , Nagendra Kamath , Ashok Chandrashekar

Efficiently retrieving specific instrument timbres from audio mixtures remains a challenge in digital music production. This paper introduces a contrastive learning framework for musical instrument retrieval, enabling direct querying of…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Gwendal Le Vaillant , Yannick Molle

Detecting musical versions (different renditions of the same piece) is a challenging task with important applications. Because of the ground truth nature, existing approaches match musical versions at the track level (e.g., whole song).…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Joan Serrà , R. Oguz Araz , Dmitry Bogdanov , Yuki Mitsufuji

Negative sampling is essential for implicit-feedback-based collaborative filtering, which is used to constitute negative signals from massive unlabeled data to guide supervised learning. The state-of-the-art idea is to utilize hard negative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Yuhan Zhao , Rui Chen , Riwei Lai , Qilong Han , Hongtao Song , Li Chen

We present a self-supervised learning approach to learn audio-visual representations from video and audio. Our method uses contrastive learning for cross-modal discrimination of video from audio and vice-versa. We show that optimizing for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Pedro Morgado , Nuno Vasconcelos , Ishan Misra

Audio-text relevance learning refers to learning the shared semantic properties of audio samples and textual descriptions. The standard approach uses binary relevances derived from pairs of audio samples and their human-provided captions,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Huang Xie , Khazar Khorrami , Okko Räsänen , Tuomas Virtanen

Modeling temporal characteristics plays a significant role in the representation learning of audio waveform. We propose Contrastive Long-form Language-Audio Pretraining (\textbf{CoLLAP}) to significantly extend the perception window for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Junda Wu , Warren Li , Zachary Novack , Amit Namburi , Carol Chen , Julian McAuley

Estimating the parameters of probabilistic models of language such as maxent models and probabilistic neural models is computationally difficult since it involves evaluating partition functions by summing over an entire vocabulary, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-31 Chris Dyer

In open-domain Question Answering (QA), dense retrieval is crucial for finding relevant passages for answer generation. Typically, contrastive learning is used to train a retrieval model that maps passages and queries to the same semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Shiqi Wang , Yeqin Zhang , Cam-Tu Nguyen

We propose a self-supervised learning method using multiple sampling strategies to obtain general-purpose audio representation. Multiple sampling strategies are used in the proposed method to construct contrastive losses from different…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ibuki Kuroyanagi , Tatsuya Komatsu

Contrastive learning has become a key component of self-supervised learning approaches for computer vision. By learning to embed two augmented versions of the same image close to each other and to push the embeddings of different images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Yannis Kalantidis , Mert Bulent Sariyildiz , Noe Pion , Philippe Weinzaepfel , Diane Larlus