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Related papers: CAMEMBERT: A Mini-Neptunes GCM Intercomparison, Pr…

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This is the second part of a series of two articles focused on the development and evaluation of the ARP-GEM1 global atmosphere model. The first paper introduced the model's new physics and speedup improvements. In this second part, we…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Olivier Geoffroy , David Saint-Martin

The regimes of possible global atmospheric circulation patterns in an Earth-like atmosphere are explored using a simplified GCM based on the University of Hamburg's Portable University Model for the Atmosphere with simplified (linear)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-19 Yixiong Wang , Peter Read , Fachreddin Tabataba-Vakili , Roland Young

Insight into the formation and global distribution of cloud particles in exoplanet atmospheres continues to be a key problem to tackle going into the JWST era. Understanding microphysical cloud processes and atmospheric feedback mechanisms…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Elspeth K. H. Lee

Uranus and Neptune are the least explored planets in the Solar System. A key question regarding the two planets is the similarity of their observed flows despite the great differences in their obliquity and internal heating. To answer this…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Ilai Guendelman , Yoahi Kaspi

In the quest to understand the climates and atmospheres of exoplanets, 3D global climate models (GCMs) have become indispensable. The ability of GCMs to predict atmospheric conditions complements exoplanet observations, creating a feedback…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Thomas J. Fauchez , Geronimo L. Villanueva , Vincent Kofman , Gabriella Suissa , Ravi K. Kopparapu

We developed a 1D photo-thermochemical model to study the atmosphere of warm exoplanets. The chemical scheme used in this model is completely new in planetology and has been constructed in collaboration with specialists of combustion. It…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-05 Olivia Venot , Marcelino Agúndez , Franck Selsis , Marcell Tessenyi , Leen Decin

We provide an example of an analysis to explore the optimization of observations of transiting hot jupiters with JWST to characterize their atmospheres, based on a simple three-parameter forward model. We construct expansive forward model…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 Alex R. Howe , Adam Burrows , Drake Deming

Sub-Neptune planets, with sizes and masses between those of Earth and Neptune, dominate the exoplanet population. Sub-Neptunes are expected to be the most diverse family of the exoplanet population, potentially including rocky gas dwarfs,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-24 Nikku Madhusudhan , Måns Holmberg , Savvas Constantinou , Gregory J. Cooke

The recent JWST detections of carbon-bearing molecules in a habitable-zone sub-Neptune have opened a new era in the study of low-mass exoplanets. The sub-Neptune regime spans a wide diversity of planetary interiors and atmospheres not…

Future climate change impacts depend on temperatures not only through changes in their means but also through changes in their variability. General circulation models (GCMs) predict changes in both means and variability; however, GCM output…

Applications · Statistics 2015-11-03 Andrew Poppick , David J. McInerney , Elisabeth J. Moyer , Michael L. Stein

To identify promising exoplanets for atmospheric characterization and to make the best use of observational data, a thorough understanding of their atmospheres is needed. 3D general circulation models (GCMs) are one of the most…

We present gray gas general circulation model (GCM) simulations of the tidally locked mini-Neptune GJ 1214b. On timescales of 1,000-10,000 Earth days, our results are comparable to previous studies of the same planet, in the sense that they…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-07 Huize Wang , Robin Wordsworth

Spectroscopic characterization of rocky exoplanets with the James Webb Space Telescope has brought the origin and evolution of their atmospheres into the focus of exoplanet science. Time-evolved models of the feedback between interior and…

Numerical simulations of Earth's weather and climate require substantial amounts of computation. This has led to a growing interest in replacing subroutines that explicitly compute physical processes with approximate machine learning (ML)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Salva Rühling Cachay , Venkatesh Ramesh , Jason N. S. Cole , Howard Barker , David Rolnick

The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (phase 6) (CMIP6) global circulation models (GCMs) predict equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) values ranging between 1.8 and 5.7 $^\circ$C. To narrow this range, we group 38 GCMs into low, medium…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-10-21 Nicola Scafetta

Neptune-size exoplanets are less studied as characterizing their atmospheres presents challenges due to their relatively small radius and atmospheric scale height. As the most common outcome of planet formation, these planets are crucial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Dwaipayan Dubey , Liton Majumdar , Charles Beichman , Geoffrey A. Blake , Gautam Vasisht , Thomas Henning

A large fraction of known terrestrial-size exoplanets located in the Habitable Zone of M-dwarfs are expected to be tidally-locked. Numerous efforts have been conducted to study the climate of such planets, using in particular 3-D Global…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-09 Maxence Lefèvre , Martin Turbet , Raymond Pierrehumbert

An improved high-resolution ground-to-thermosphere version of the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace (IPSL) Venus General Circulation Model (VGCM), including non-orographic gravity waves (GW) parameterization and fine-tuned non-LTE parameters,…

Next-generation space telescopes will observe the atmospheres of rocky planets orbiting nearby M-dwarfs. Understanding these observations will require well-developed theory in addition to numerical simulations. Here we present theoretical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-29 Daniel D. B. Koll , Dorian S. Abbot