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In applications with significant class imbalance or asymmetric costs, metrics such as the $F_\beta$-measure, AM measure, Jaccard similarity coefficient, and weighted accuracy offer more suitable evaluation criteria than standard binary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Anqi Mao , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

Much as replacing hand-designed features with learned functions has revolutionized how we solve perceptual tasks, we believe learned algorithms will transform how we train models. In this work we focus on general-purpose learned optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Luke Metz , Niru Maheswaranathan , C. Daniel Freeman , Ben Poole , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein

Adaptive methods such as Adam and RMSProp are widely used in deep learning but are not well understood. In this paper, we seek a crisp, clean and precise characterization of their behavior in nonconvex settings. To this end, we first…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Matthew Staib , Sashank J. Reddi , Satyen Kale , Sanjiv Kumar , Suvrit Sra

In online learning from non-stationary data streams, it is necessary to learn robustly to outliers and to adapt quickly to changes in the underlying data generating mechanism. In this paper, we refer to the former attribute of online…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-29 Shintaro Fukushima , Atsushi Nitanda , Kenji Yamanishi

This work studies distributed primal-dual strategies for adaptation and learning over networks from streaming data. Two first-order methods are considered based on the Arrow-Hurwicz (AH) and augmented Lagrangian (AL) techniques. Several…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-05-14 Zaid J. Towfic , Ali H. Sayed

Adam is one of the most popular optimization algorithms in deep learning. However, it is known that Adam does not converge in theory unless choosing a hyperparameter, i.e., $\beta_2$, in a problem-dependent manner. There have been many…

Empirical scaling laws prescribe how to allocate parameters, data, and compute, while maximal-update parameterization ($\mu$P) enables learning-rate transfer across widths by equalizing early-time update magnitudes. However, in modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Zhiyuan Fan , Yifeng Liu , Qingyue Zhao , Angela Yuan , Quanquan Gu

Adaptive gradient methods like Adagrad and its variants are widespread in large-scale optimization. However, their use of diagonal preconditioning matrices limits the ability to capture parameter correlations. Full-matrix adaptive methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Tatyana Matveeva , Aleksandr Katrutsa , Evgeny Frolov

Accelerated gradient-based methods are being extensively used for solving non-convex machine learning problems, especially when the data points are abundant or the available data is distributed across several agents. Two of the prominent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Kushal Chakrabarti , Nikhil Chopra

Neural network language models (LMs) are confronted with significant challenges in generalization and robustness. Currently, many studies focus on improving either generalization or robustness in isolation, without methods addressing both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yudao Sun , Juan Yin , Juan Zhao , Fan Zhang , Yongheng Liu , Hongji Chen

Algorithmic stability is a key characteristic to ensure the generalization ability of a learning algorithm. Among different notions of stability, \emph{uniform stability} is arguably the most popular one, which yields exponential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Zhun Deng , Hangfeng He , Weijie J. Su

The spherical noise added to gradients in differentially private (DP) training undermines the performance of adaptive optimizers like AdaGrad and Adam, and hence many recent works have proposed algorithms to address this challenge. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Arun Ganesh , Brendan McMahan , Abhradeep Thakurta

Ample empirical evidence in deep neural network training suggests that a variety of optimizers tend to find nearly global optima. In this article, we adopt the reversed perspective that convergence to an arbitrary point is assumed rather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jerome Bolte , Quoc-Tung Le , Edouard Pauwels

Adam is a popular and widely used adaptive gradient method in deep learning, which has also received tremendous focus in theoretical research. However, most existing theoretical work primarily analyzes its full-batch version, which differs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xuan Tang , Han Zhang , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

Adaptive gradient algorithm (AdaGrad) and its variants, such as RMSProp, Adam, AMSGrad, etc, have been widely used in deep learning. Although these algorithms are faster in the early phase of training, their generalization performance is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Kun Zeng , Jinlan Liu , Zhixia Jiang , Dongpo Xu

In stochastic optimization, a common tool to deal sequentially with large sample is to consider the well-known stochastic gradient algorithm. Nevertheless, since the stepsequence is the same for each direction, this can lead to bad results…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Antoine Godichon-Baggioni , Pierre Tarrago

Decentralized learning recently has received increasing attention in machine learning due to its advantages in implementation simplicity and system robustness, data privacy. Meanwhile, the adaptive gradient methods show superior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Feihu Huang , Jianyu Zhao

Adam is a widely used stochastic optimization method for deep learning applications. While practitioners prefer Adam because it requires less parameter tuning, its use is problematic from a theoretical point of view since it may not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Mingrui Liu , Wei Zhang , Francesco Orabona , Tianbao Yang

The optimization algorithm and its hyperparameters can significantly affect the training speed and resulting model accuracy in machine learning applications. The wish list for an ideal optimizer includes fast and smooth convergence to low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Marco Eckhoff , Markus Reiher

Minimax optimization is gaining increasing attention in modern machine learning applications. Driven by large-scale models and massive volumes of data collected from edge devices, as well as the concern to preserve client privacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Miaoxi Zhu , Yan Sun , Li Shen , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao