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Large-scale generative models are shown to be useful for sampling meaningful candidate solutions, yet they often overlook task constraints and user preferences. Their full power is better harnessed when the models are coupled with external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Lin Guan , Yifan Zhou , Denis Liu , Yantian Zha , Heni Ben Amor , Subbarao Kambhampati

In recent years, large language models have greatly improved in their ability to perform complex multi-step reasoning. However, even state-of-the-art models still regularly produce logical mistakes. To train more reliable models, we can…

We describe a class of tasks called decision-oriented dialogues, in which AI assistants such as large language models (LMs) must collaborate with one or more humans via natural language to help them make complex decisions. We formalize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jessy Lin , Nicholas Tomlin , Jacob Andreas , Jason Eisner

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in various applications, but they still face various inconsistency issues. Existing works primarily focus on the inconsistency issues within a single LLM, while we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Kai Xiong , Xiao Ding , Yixin Cao , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in generating personalized content and facilitating interactive dialogues, showcasing their remarkable aptitude for a myriad of applications. However, their capabilities in reasoning and providing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Min Zhang , Sato Takumi , Jack Zhang , Jun Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in general vision-language tasks. However, recent studies have exposed critical limitations in their spatial reasoning capabilities. This deficiency in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Huanyu Zhang , Chengzu Li , Wenshan Wu , Shaoguang Mao , Yifan Zhang , Haochen Tian , Ivan Vulić , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Tieniu Tan , Furu Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have succeeded remarkably in various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, yet their reasoning capabilities remain a fundamental challenge. While LLMs exhibit impressive fluency and factual recall, their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Avinash Patil , Aryan Jadon

Large language models (LLMs) have exploded in popularity in the past few years and have achieved undeniably impressive results on benchmarks as varied as question answering and text summarization. We provide a simple new prompting strategy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Joshua Albrecht , Ellie Kitanidis , Abraham J. Fetterman

As evaluation designs of large language models may shape our trajectory toward artificial general intelligence, comprehensive and forward-looking assessment is essential. Existing benchmarks primarily assess static knowledge, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayin Wang , Zhiquang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on reasoning benchmarks, yet their ability to solve real-world problems requiring end-to-end workflows remains unclear. Mathematical modeling competitions provide a stringent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yuhang Liu , Heyan Huang , Yizhe Yang , Hongyan Zhao , Zhizhuo Zeng , Yang Gao

The field of machine learning (ML) has gained widespread adoption, leading to significant demand for adapting ML to specific scenarios, which is yet expensive and non-trivial. The predominant approaches towards the automation of solving ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Lei Zhang , Yuge Zhang , Kan Ren , Dongsheng Li , Yuqing Yang

Language models demonstrate both quantitative improvement and new qualitative capabilities with increasing scale. Despite their potentially transformative impact, these new capabilities are as yet poorly characterized. In order to inform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Aarohi Srivastava , Abhinav Rastogi , Abhishek Rao , Abu Awal Md Shoeb , Abubakar Abid , Adam Fisch , Adam R. Brown , Adam Santoro , Aditya Gupta , Adrià Garriga-Alonso , Agnieszka Kluska , Aitor Lewkowycz , Akshat Agarwal , Alethea Power , Alex Ray , Alex Warstadt , Alexander W. Kocurek , Ali Safaya , Ali Tazarv , Alice Xiang , Alicia Parrish , Allen Nie , Aman Hussain , Amanda Askell , Amanda Dsouza , Ambrose Slone , Ameet Rahane , Anantharaman S. Iyer , Anders Andreassen , Andrea Madotto , Andrea Santilli , Andreas Stuhlmüller , Andrew Dai , Andrew La , Andrew Lampinen , Andy Zou , Angela Jiang , Angelica Chen , Anh Vuong , Animesh Gupta , Anna Gottardi , Antonio Norelli , Anu Venkatesh , Arash Gholamidavoodi , Arfa Tabassum , Arul Menezes , Arun Kirubarajan , Asher Mullokandov , Ashish Sabharwal , Austin Herrick , Avia Efrat , Aykut Erdem , Ayla Karakaş , B. Ryan Roberts , Bao Sheng Loe , Barret Zoph , Bartłomiej Bojanowski , Batuhan Özyurt , Behnam Hedayatnia , Behnam Neyshabur , Benjamin Inden , Benno Stein , Berk Ekmekci , Bill Yuchen Lin , Blake Howald , Bryan Orinion , Cameron Diao , Cameron Dour , Catherine Stinson , Cedrick Argueta , César Ferri Ramírez , Chandan Singh , Charles Rathkopf , Chenlin Meng , Chitta Baral , Chiyu Wu , Chris Callison-Burch , Chris Waites , Christian Voigt , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts , Cindy Ramirez , Clara E. Rivera , Clemencia Siro , Colin Raffel , Courtney Ashcraft , Cristina Garbacea , Damien Sileo , Dan Garrette , Dan Hendrycks , Dan Kilman , Dan Roth , Daniel Freeman , Daniel Khashabi , Daniel Levy , Daniel Moseguí González , Danielle Perszyk , Danny Hernandez , Danqi Chen , Daphne Ippolito , Dar Gilboa , David Dohan , David Drakard , David Jurgens , Debajyoti Datta , Deep Ganguli , Denis Emelin , Denis Kleyko , Deniz Yuret , Derek Chen , Derek Tam , Dieuwke Hupkes , Diganta Misra , Dilyar Buzan , Dimitri Coelho Mollo , Diyi Yang , Dong-Ho Lee , Dylan Schrader , Ekaterina Shutova , Ekin Dogus Cubuk , Elad Segal , Eleanor Hagerman , Elizabeth Barnes , Elizabeth Donoway , Ellie Pavlick , Emanuele Rodola , Emma Lam , Eric Chu , Eric Tang , Erkut Erdem , Ernie Chang , Ethan A. Chi , Ethan Dyer , Ethan Jerzak , Ethan Kim , Eunice Engefu Manyasi , Evgenii Zheltonozhskii , Fanyue Xia , Fatemeh Siar , Fernando Martínez-Plumed , Francesca Happé , Francois Chollet , Frieda Rong , Gaurav Mishra , Genta Indra Winata , Gerard de Melo , Germán Kruszewski , Giambattista Parascandolo , Giorgio Mariani , Gloria Wang , Gonzalo Jaimovitch-López , Gregor Betz , Guy Gur-Ari , Hana Galijasevic , Hannah Kim , Hannah Rashkin , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Harsh Mehta , Hayden Bogar , Henry Shevlin , Hinrich Schütze , Hiromu Yakura , Hongming Zhang , Hugh Mee Wong , Ian Ng , Isaac Noble , Jaap Jumelet , Jack Geissinger , Jackson Kernion , Jacob Hilton , Jaehoon Lee , Jaime Fernández Fisac , James B. Simon , James Koppel , James Zheng , James Zou , Jan Kocoń , Jana Thompson , Janelle Wingfield , Jared Kaplan , Jarema Radom , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Jason Phang , Jason Wei , Jason Yosinski , Jekaterina Novikova , Jelle Bosscher , Jennifer Marsh , Jeremy Kim , Jeroen Taal , Jesse Engel , Jesujoba Alabi , Jiacheng Xu , Jiaming Song , Jillian Tang , Joan Waweru , John Burden , John Miller , John U. Balis , Jonathan Batchelder , Jonathan Berant , Jörg Frohberg , Jos Rozen , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Joseph Boudeman , Joseph Guerr , Joseph Jones , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Joshua S. Rule , Joyce Chua , Kamil Kanclerz , Karen Livescu , Karl Krauth , Karthik Gopalakrishnan , Katerina Ignatyeva , Katja Markert , Kaustubh D. Dhole , Kevin Gimpel , Kevin Omondi , Kory Mathewson , Kristen Chiafullo , Ksenia Shkaruta , Kumar Shridhar , Kyle McDonell , Kyle Richardson , Laria Reynolds , Leo Gao , Li Zhang , Liam Dugan , Lianhui Qin , Lidia Contreras-Ochando , Louis-Philippe Morency , Luca Moschella , Lucas Lam , Lucy Noble , Ludwig Schmidt , Luheng He , Luis Oliveros Colón , Luke Metz , Lütfi Kerem Şenel , Maarten Bosma , Maarten Sap , Maartje ter Hoeve , Maheen Farooqi , Manaal Faruqui , Mantas Mazeika , Marco Baturan , Marco Marelli , Marco Maru , Maria Jose Ramírez Quintana , Marie Tolkiehn , Mario Giulianelli , Martha Lewis , Martin Potthast , Matthew L. Leavitt , Matthias Hagen , Mátyás Schubert , Medina Orduna Baitemirova , Melody Arnaud , Melvin McElrath , Michael A. Yee , Michael Cohen , Michael Gu , Michael Ivanitskiy , Michael Starritt , Michael Strube , Michał Swędrowski , Michele Bevilacqua , Michihiro Yasunaga , Mihir Kale , Mike Cain , Mimee Xu , Mirac Suzgun , Mitch Walker , Mo Tiwari , Mohit Bansal , Moin Aminnaseri , Mor Geva , Mozhdeh Gheini , Mukund Varma T , Nanyun Peng , Nathan A. Chi , Nayeon Lee , Neta Gur-Ari Krakover , Nicholas Cameron , Nicholas Roberts , Nick Doiron , Nicole Martinez , Nikita Nangia , Niklas Deckers , Niklas Muennighoff , Nitish Shirish Keskar , Niveditha S. Iyer , Noah Constant , Noah Fiedel , Nuan Wen , Oliver Zhang , Omar Agha , Omar Elbaghdadi , Omer Levy , Owain Evans , Pablo Antonio Moreno Casares , Parth Doshi , Pascale Fung , Paul Pu Liang , Paul Vicol , Pegah Alipoormolabashi , Peiyuan Liao , Percy Liang , Peter Chang , Peter Eckersley , Phu Mon Htut , Pinyu Hwang , Piotr Miłkowski , Piyush Patil , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Priti Oli , Qiaozhu Mei , Qing Lyu , Qinlang Chen , Rabin Banjade , Rachel Etta Rudolph , Raefer Gabriel , Rahel Habacker , Ramon Risco , Raphaël Millière , Rhythm Garg , Richard Barnes , Rif A. Saurous , Riku Arakawa , Robbe Raymaekers , Robert Frank , Rohan Sikand , Roman Novak , Roman Sitelew , Ronan LeBras , Rosanne Liu , Rowan Jacobs , Rui Zhang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Ryan Chi , Ryan Lee , Ryan Stovall , Ryan Teehan , Rylan Yang , Sahib Singh , Saif M. Mohammad , Sajant Anand , Sam Dillavou , Sam Shleifer , Sam Wiseman , Samuel Gruetter , Samuel R. Bowman , Samuel S. Schoenholz , Sanghyun Han , Sanjeev Kwatra , Sarah A. Rous , Sarik Ghazarian , Sayan Ghosh , Sean Casey , Sebastian Bischoff , Sebastian Gehrmann , Sebastian Schuster , Sepideh Sadeghi , Shadi Hamdan , Sharon Zhou , Shashank Srivastava , Sherry Shi , Shikhar Singh , Shima Asaadi , Shixiang Shane Gu , Shubh Pachchigar , Shubham Toshniwal , Shyam Upadhyay , Shyamolima , Debnath , Siamak Shakeri , Simon Thormeyer , Simone Melzi , Siva Reddy , Sneha Priscilla Makini , Soo-Hwan Lee , Spencer Torene , Sriharsha Hatwar , Stanislas Dehaene , Stefan Divic , Stefano Ermon , Stella Biderman , Stephanie Lin , Stephen Prasad , Steven T. Piantadosi , Stuart M. Shieber , Summer Misherghi , Svetlana Kiritchenko , Swaroop Mishra , Tal Linzen , Tal Schuster , Tao Li , Tao Yu , Tariq Ali , Tatsu Hashimoto , Te-Lin Wu , Théo Desbordes , Theodore Rothschild , Thomas Phan , Tianle Wang , Tiberius Nkinyili , Timo Schick , Timofei Kornev , Titus Tunduny , Tobias Gerstenberg , Trenton Chang , Trishala Neeraj , Tushar Khot , Tyler Shultz , Uri Shaham , Vedant Misra , Vera Demberg , Victoria Nyamai , Vikas Raunak , Vinay Ramasesh , Vinay Uday Prabhu , Vishakh Padmakumar , Vivek Srikumar , William Fedus , William Saunders , William Zhang , Wout Vossen , Xiang Ren , Xiaoyu Tong , Xinran Zhao , Xinyi Wu , Xudong Shen , Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh , Yair Lakretz , Yangqiu Song , Yasaman Bahri , Yejin Choi , Yichi Yang , Yiding Hao , Yifu Chen , Yonatan Belinkov , Yu Hou , Yufang Hou , Yuntao Bai , Zachary Seid , Zhuoye Zhao , Zijian Wang , Zijie J. Wang , Zirui Wang , Ziyi Wu

Progress in AI is often demonstrated by new models claiming improved performance on tasks measuring model capabilities. Evaluating language models can be particularly challenging, as choices of how a model is evaluated on a task can lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Yuling Gu , Oyvind Tafjord , Bailey Kuehl , Dany Haddad , Jesse Dodge , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful artificial intelligence (AI) tools transforming how research is conducted. However, their use in research has been met with skepticism, due to concerns about hallucinations, biases and potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ruian Ke , Ruy M. Ribeiro

In the age of large language models (LLMs), autonomous agents have emerged as a powerful paradigm for achieving general intelligence. These agents dynamically leverage tools, memory, and reasoning capabilities to accomplish user-defined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Chaojia Yu , Zihan Cheng , Hanwen Cui , Yishuo Gao , Zexu Luo , Yijin Wang , Hangbin Zheng , Yong Zhao

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in production environments has created an urgent need for observability systems that span the full stack -- from model internals to GPU kernels. Yet existing monitoring approaches address…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Twinkll Sisodia

In this paper, we investigate the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve English speaking skills. This is particularly relevant in countries like India, where English is crucial for academic, professional, and personal…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Manas Mhasakar , Shikhar Sharma , Apurv Mehra , Utkarsh Venaik , Ujjwal Singhal , Dhruv Kumar , Kashish Mittal

The complexity of psychological principles underscore a significant societal challenge, given the vast social implications of psychological problems. Bridging the gap between understanding these principles and their actual clinical and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Tianyu He , Guanghui Fu , Yijing Yu , Fan Wang , Jianqiang Li , Qing Zhao , Changwei Song , Hongzhi Qi , Dan Luo , Huijing Zou , Bing Xiang Yang

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLM) has also resulted in an equivalent proliferation in its applications. Software design, being one, has gained tremendous benefits in using LLMs as an interface component that extends fixed user…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Claudionor N. Coelho , Hanchen Xiong , Tushar Karayil , Sree Koratala , Rex Shang , Jacob Bollinger , Mohamed Shabar , Syam Nair

We investigate the predictability of large language model (LLM) capabilities: given records of past experiments using different model families, numbers of parameters, tasks, and numbers of in-context examples, can we accurately predict LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Qinyuan Ye , Harvey Yiyun Fu , Xiang Ren , Robin Jia