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During the coalescence of binary black holes (BBHs), asymmetric gravitational wave (GW) emission imparts a kick velocity to the remnant black hole, affecting observed waveforms and parameter estimation. In this study, we investigate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-22 Jie Wu , Mengfei Sun , Xianghe Ma , Xiaolin Liu , Jin Li , Zhoujian Cao

Asymmetric emission of gravitational waves during a compact binary coalescence results in the loss of linear momentum and a corresponding "kick" or recoil on the binary's center of mass. This leads to a direction-dependent Doppler shift of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-17 Parthapratim Mahapatra , Marc Favata , K. G. Arun

Coalescing black-hole binaries are expected to be the strongest sources of gravitational waves for ground-based interferometers as well as the space-based interferometer LISA. Recent progress in numerical relativity now makes it possible to…

When two black holes merge, the asymmetric emission of gravitational waves provides an impulse to the merged system; this gravitational wave recoil velocity can be up to 4000 km s$^{-1}$, easily fast enough for the black hole to escape its…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-06-24 Glenna Dunn , Kelly Holley-Bockelmann , Jillian Bellovary

It is now possible to theoretically calculate the gravitational-wave signal from the inspiral, merger and ringdown of a black-hole-binary system. The late inspiral, merger and ringdown can be calculated in full general relativity using…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-06-10 Mark Hannam

We report the first results from evolutions of a generic black-hole binary, i.e. a binary containing unequal mass black holes with misaligned spins. Our configuration, which has a mass ratio of 2:1, consists of an initially non-spinning…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-13 Manuela Campanelli , Carlos O. Lousto , Yosef Zlochower , David Merritt

Building up on previous work, we present a new calculation of the gravitational wave (GW) emission generated during the transition from quasi-circular inspiral to plunge, merger and ringdown by a binary system of nonspinning black holes, of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-12-15 Sebastiano Bernuzzi , Alessandro Nagar

Recent calculations of gravitational radiation recoil generated during black-hole binary mergers have reopened the possibility that a merged binary can be ejected even from the nucleus of a massive host galaxy. Here we report the first…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Manuela Campanelli , Carlos O. Lousto , Yosef Zlochower , David Merritt

We measure the recoil velocity as a function of spin for equal-mass, highly-spinning black-hole binaries, with spins in the orbital plane, equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. We confirm that the leading-order effect is linear in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-02-25 Carlos O. Lousto , Yosef Zlochower

Simulations of binary black hole mergers indicate that asymmetrical gravitational wave (GW) emission can cause black holes to recoil at speeds up to thousands of km/s. These GW recoil events can dramatically affect the coevolution of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Laura Blecha , Abraham Loeb

One proposed black hole formation channel involves hierarchical mergers, where black holes form through repeated binary mergers. Previous studies have shown that such black holes follow a near-universal spin distribution centered around…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-28 Angela Borchers , Claire S. Ye , Maya Fishbach

We present a study of spinning black hole binaries focusing on the spin dynamics of the individual black holes as well as on the gravitational recoil acquired by the black hole produced by the merger. We consider two series of initial spin…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Frank Herrmann , Ian Hinder , Deirdre M. Shoemaker , Pablo Laguna , Richard A. Matzner

The binary black hole signal GW250114, the loudest gravitational wave detected to date, offers a unique opportunity to test Einstein's general relativity (GR) in the high-velocity, strong-gravity regime and probe whether the remnant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-11 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration , the KAGRA Collaboration

The accuracy of gravitational-wave models of compact binaries has traditionally been addressed by the mismatch between the model and numerical-relativity simulations. This is a measure of the overall agreement between the two waveforms.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-25 Angela Borchers , Frank Ohme

When unequal-mass black holes merge, the final black hole receives a ``kick'' due to the asymmetric loss of linear momentum in the gravitational radiation emitted during the merger. The magnitude of this kick has important astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jose A. Gonzalez , Ulrich Sperhake , Bernd Bruegmann , Mark Hannam , Sascha Husa

Precessing binary black-hole mergers can produce a net flux of circularly-polarized gravitational waves. This imbalance between left- and right-handed circularly polarized waves, quantified via the Stokes pseudo-scalar $V_{\rm GW}$,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-31 Samson H. W. Leong , Alejandro Florido Tomé , Juan Calderón Bustillo , Adrián del Río , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual

After a merger of two massive black holes (MBHs), the remnant receives a gravitational wave (GW) recoil kick that can have a strong effect on its future evolution. The magnitude of the kick ($v_\mathrm{recoil}$) depends on the mass ratio…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-26 Chi An Dong-Páez , Marta Volonteri , Yohan Dubois , Ricarda S. Beckmann , Maxime Trebitsch

Recoil ``kicks'' induced by gravitational radiation are expected in the inspiral and merger of black holes. Recently the numerical relativity community has begun to measure the significant kicks found when both unequal masses and spins are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Dae-Il Choi , Bernard J. Kelly , William D. Boggs , John G. Baker , Joan Centrella , James van Meter

The asymmetric emission of gravitational waves produced during the coalescence of a massive black hole (MBH) binary imparts a velocity "kick" to the system that can displace the hole from the center of its host. Here we study the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Javiera Guedes , Piero Madau , Lucio Mayer , Simone Callegari

Recoiling remnants of black-hole mergers in dense environments can produce bright electromagnetic (EM) counterparts to the gravitational-wave (GW) emission. Significance assessments of such GW-EM candidates are restricted to time and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-10 Samson H. W. Leong , Juan Calderón Bustillo