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We consider the problem of solving floating-point constraints obtained from software verification. We present UppSAT --- a new implementation of a systematic approximation refinement framework [ZWR17] as an abstract SMT solver. Provided…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-12-12 Aleksandar Zeljic , Peter Backeman , Christoph M. Wintersteiger , Philipp Ruemmer

In Reinforcement Learning (RL), multi-armed Bandit (MAB) problems have found applications across diverse domains such as recommender systems, healthcare, and finance. Traditional MAB algorithms typically assume stationary reward…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Gustavo de Freitas Fonseca , Lucas Coelho e Silva , Paulo André Lima de Castro

Fingerprinting of services and operating systems is an essential part of penetration tests. In order to successfully penetrate the computing system's security measurements, preexisting fingerprinting methods are described and the paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-04 Michael Hanspach

We revisit the standard perturbation-based approach of Abernethy et al. (2008) in the context of unconstrained Bandit Linear Optimization (uBLO). We show the surprising result that in the unconstrained setting, this approach effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Andrew Jacobsen , Dorian Baudry , Shinji Ito , Nicolò Cesa-Bianchi

Centroid-based methods including k-means and fuzzy c-means are known as effective and easy-to-implement approaches to clustering purposes in many applications. However, these algorithms cannot be directly applied to supervised tasks. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Pooya Ashtari , Fateme Nateghi Haredasht , Hamid Beigy

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, enabling their widespread adoption across various domains. However, their susceptibility to prompt injection attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Jinsheng Pan , Xiaogeng Liu , Chaowei Xiao

As one of the most successful and effective software testing techniques in recent years, fuzz testing has uncovered numerous bugs and vulnerabilities in modern software, including network protocol software. In contrast to other fuzzing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Shihao Jiang , Yu Zhang , Junqiang Li , Hongfang Yu , Long Luo , Gang Sun

Large language models (LLMs) are typically governed by post-training alignment (e.g., RLHF or DPO), which yields a largely static policy during deployment and inference. However, real-world safety is a full-lifecycle problem: static…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zeyu Zhang , Xiangxiang Dai , Ziyi Han , Xutong Liu , John C. S. Lui

Smart contracts play a pivotal role in blockchain ecosystems, and fuzzing remains an important approach to securing smart contracts. Even though mutation scheduling is a key factor influencing fuzzing effectiveness, existing fuzzers have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Keke Gai , Haochen Liang , Jing Yu , Liehuang Zhu , Dusit Niyato

Fuzzing has been incredibly successful in uncovering bugs and vulnerabilities across diverse software systems. JSON parsers play a vital role in modern software development, and ensuring their reliability is of great importance. This…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhiyuan Zhong , Zhezhen Cao , Zhanwei Zhang

Prompt engineering has become central to eliciting the capabilities of large language models (LLMs). At its core lies prompt selection -- efficiently identifying the most effective prompts. However, most prior investigations overlook a key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Donghao Li , Chengshuai Shi , Weijuan Ou , Cong Shen , Jing Yang

Fuzzing network servers is a technical challenge, since the behavior of the target server depends on its state over a sequence of multiple messages. Existing solutions are costly and difficult to use, as they rely on manually-customized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Roberto Natella

Software vulnerabilities pose critical security threats, with nearly 50,000 CVEs reported in 2025. While Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for automated vulnerability detection, three key challenges remain. First, LLM-generated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ze Sheng , Zhicheng Chen , Qingxiao Xu , Kewen Zhu , Jeff Huang

Machine learning models are commonly used for malware classification; however, they suffer from performance degradation over time due to concept drift. Adapting these models to changing data distributions requires frequent updates, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Md Tanvirul Alam , Aritran Piplai , Nidhi Rastogi

Federated Learning (FL) allows machine learning models to train locally on individual mobile devices, synchronizing model updates via a shared server. This approach safeguards user privacy; however, it also generates a heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Irene Wang , Prashant J. Nair , Divya Mahajan

Context: Automated fault localisation aims to assist developers in the task of identifying the root cause of the fault by narrowing down the space of likely fault locations. Simulating variants of the faulty program called mutants, several…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Jinhan Kim , Gabin An , Robert Feldt , Shin Yoo

A flurry of fuzzing tools (fuzzers) have been proposed in the literature, aiming at detecting software vulnerabilities effectively and efficiently. To date, it is however still challenging to compare fuzzers due to the inconsistency of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yuwei Li , Shouling Ji , Yuan Chen , Sizhuang Liang , Wei-Han Lee , Yueyao Chen , Chenyang Lyu , Chunming Wu , Raheem Beyah , Peng Cheng , Kangjie Lu , Ting Wang

Command-line interface (CLI) fuzzing tests programs by mutating both command-line options and input file contents, thus enabling discovery of vulnerabilities that only manifest under specific option-input combinations. Prior works of CLI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Momoko Shiraishi , Yinzhi Cao , Takahiro Shinagawa

FASILL (acronym of "Fuzzy Aggregators and Similarity Into a Logic Language") is a fuzzy logic programming language with implicit/explicit truth degree annotations, a great variety of connectives and unification by similarity. FASILL…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-01-12 Pascual Julián-Iranzo , Ginés Moreno , Jaime Penabad , Carlos Vázquez

The linear bandit problem has been studied for many years in both stochastic and adversarial settings. Designing an algorithm that can optimize the environment without knowing the loss type attracts lots of interest. \citet{LeeLWZ021}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Fang Kong , Canzhe Zhao , Shuai Li