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Developers must select a high-performance fault localization (FL) technique from available ones. A conventional approach is to try to select only one FL technique that is expected to attain high performance before debugging activity. In…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Masato Nakao , Kensei Hamamoto , Masateru Tsunoda , Amjed Tahir , Koji Toda , Akito Monden , Keitaro Nakasai , Kenichi Matsumoto

Grey-box fuzz testing has revealed thousands of vulnerabilities in real-world software owing to its lightweight instrumentation, fast coverage feedback, and dynamic adjusting strategies. However, directly applying grey-box fuzzing to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Hongxu Chen , Shengjian Guo , Yinxing Xue , Yulei Sui , Cen Zhang , Yuekang Li , Haijun Wang , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across diverse domains, yet their vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, where adversarial inputs bypass safety mechanisms to elicit harmful outputs, poses significant security risks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Qingchao Shen , Zibo Xiao , Lili Huang , Enwei Hu , Yongqiang Tian , Junjie Chen

Sanitizers provide robust test oracles for various software vulnerabilities. Fuzzing on sanitizer-enabled programs has been the best practice to find software bugs. Since sanitizers need to heavily instrument a target program to insert…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Ziqiao Kong , Shaohua Li , Heqing Huang , Zhendong Su

Fuzzing is one of the most effective approaches to finding software flaws. However, applying it to microcontroller firmware incurs many challenges. For example, rehosting-based solutions cannot accurately model peripheral behaviors and thus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Wenqiang Li , Jiameng Shi , Fengjun Li , Jingqiang Lin , Wei Wang , Le Guan

Fuzz testing has become a cornerstone technique for identifying software bugs and security vulnerabilities, with broad adoption in both industry and open-source communities. Directly fuzzing a function requires fuzz drivers, which translate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Paschal C. Amusuo , Dongge Liu , Ricardo Andres Calvo Mendez , Jonathan Metzman , Oliver Chang , James C. Davis

We introduce a novel algorithmic approach to content recommendation based on adaptive clustering of exploration-exploitation ("bandit") strategies. We provide a sharp regret analysis of this algorithm in a standard stochastic noise setting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-06-09 Claudio Gentile , Shuai Li , Giovanni Zappella

We improve the performance of the American Fuzzy Lop (AFL) fuzz testing framework by using Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) models to reinitialize the system with novel seed files. We assess performance based on the temporal rate at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Nicole Nichols , Mark Raugas , Robert Jasper , Nathan Hilliard

Many assisting exploration strategies have been proposed to assist grey-box fuzzers in exploring program states guarded by tight and complex branch conditions such as equality constraints. Although they have shown promising results in their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Mingyuan Wu , Jiahong Xiang , Kunqiu Chen , Peng DI , Shin Hwei Tan , Heming Cui , Yuqun Zhang

Mutation testing consists of generating test cases that detect faults injected into software (generating mutants) which its original test suite could not. By running such an augmented set of test cases, it may discover actual faults that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Jaekwon Lee , Enrico Viganò , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

Ability to test firmware on embedded devices is critical to discovering vulnerabilities prior to their adversarial exploitation. State-of-the-art automated testing methods rehost firmware in emulators and attempt to facilitate inputs from a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Guy Farrelly , Paul Quirk , Salil S. Kanhere , Seyit Camtepe , Damith C. Ranasinghe

Vulnerable software represents a tremendous threat to modern information systems. Vulnerabilities in widespread applications may be used to spread malware, steal money and conduct target attacks. To address this problem, developers and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Maksim Shudrak , Vyacheslav Zolotarev

A common paradigm for improving fuzzing performance is to focus on selected regions of a program rather than its entirety. While previous work has largely explored how these locations can be reached, their selection, that is, the where, has…

Algorithm selection is typically based on models of algorithm performance, learned during a separate offline training sequence, which can be prohibitively expensive. In recent work, we adopted an online approach, in which a performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-31 Matteo Gagliolo , Juergen Schmidhuber

The performance of large language models (LLMs) is highly sensitive to the input prompt, making prompt optimization a critical task. However, real-world application is hindered by three major challenges: (1) the black-box nature of powerful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Pingchen Lu , Zhi Hong , Zhiwei Shang , Zhiyong Wang , Yikun Ban , Yao Shu , Min Zhang , Shuang Qiu , Zhongxiang Dai

Fuzzing is the process of finding security vulnerabilities in input-processing code by repeatedly testing the code with modified inputs. In this paper, we formalize fuzzing as a reinforcement learning problem using the concept of Markov…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Konstantin Böttinger , Patrice Godefroid , Rishabh Singh

Fuzzing is one of the fastest growing fields in software testing. The idea behind fuzzing is to check the behavior of software against a large number of randomly generated inputs, trying to cover all interesting parts of the input space,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Rahul Gopinath , Philipp Görz , Alex Groce

As large language models (LLMs) are gaining increasing popularity across a wide range of web applications, it is of great importance to optimize service-level objectives (SLOs) for LLM inference services to enhance user satisfaction and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Ke Cheng , Zhi Wang , Wen Hu , Tiannuo Yang , Jianguo Li , Sheng Zhang

Mutation-based fuzzing typically uses an initial set of non-crashing seed inputs (a corpus) from which to generate new inputs by mutation. A corpus of potential seeds will often contain thousands of similar inputs. This lack of diversity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Adrian Herrera , Hendra Gunadi , Liam Hayes , Shane Magrath , Felix Friedlander , Maggi Sebastian , Michael Norrish , Antony L. Hosking

We introduce a new model of stochastic bandits with adversarial corruptions which aims to capture settings where most of the input follows a stochastic pattern but some fraction of it can be adversarially changed to trick the algorithm,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Thodoris Lykouris , Vahab Mirrokni , Renato Paes Leme