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Electromagnetic waves propagating in a layered superconductor with arbitrary momentum with respect to the main crystallographic directions display an unavoidable mixing between longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom. Here we show…
The degree of optical spatial coherence -a fundamental property of light that describes the mutual correlations between fluctuating electromagnetic fields- has proven challenging to control at the micrometer scale. Here we employ surface…
A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An…
When an optical beam propagates through a turbulent medium such as the atmosphere or ocean, the beam will become distorted. It is then natural to seek the best or optimal beam that is distorted least, under some metric such as intensity or…
Intensity minima and maxima of speckle patterns obtained behind a diffuser are experimentally interchanged by applying a spiral phase delay of charge $\pm 1$ to the impinging coherent beam. This transform arises from the intuitive…
Ultrahigh peak power femtosecond laser pulses create extreme states of matter that are currently being probed with great interest. Plasma optics have been proposed for shaping and amplifying high-power pulses, but they are subject to huge…
Determining the amplitude, phase, and polarization profile of light is essential for both fundamental scientific discovery and applications spanning optical metrology, microscopy, astronomy, and optical communication/computing technologies.…
We demonstrate experimentally quantum-inspired, spectral-domain intensity optical coherence tomography. We show that the technique allows for both axial resolution improvement and dispersion cancellation compared to conventional optical…
Phase is an intrinsic property of light, and thus a crucial parameter across numerous applications in modern optics. Various methods exist for measuring the phase of light, each presenting challenges and limitations-from the mechanical…
When used with coherent light, optical imaging systems, even diffraction-limited, are inherently unable to reproduce both the amplitude and the phase of a two-dimensional field distribution because their impulse response function varies…
Modern particle accelerators and their applications increasingly rely on precisely coordinated interactions of intense charged particle and laser beams. Femtosecond-scale synchronization alongside micrometre-scale spatial precision are…
We present a pump-probe technique for monitoring ultrafast polarizability changes. In particular, we use it to measure the plasma density created at the temporal focus of a self-compressing higher-order pump soliton in gas-filled…
We propose a method to directly measure the complex phase distribution, superfluid density and velocity field in an ultracold atomic superfluid. The method consists of mapping the momentum distribution of the gas to real space using…
We report on a recently developed laser-probing diagnostic which allows direct measurements of ray-deflection angles in one axis, whilst retaining imaging capabilities in the other axis. This allows us to measure the spectrum of angular…
We study theoretically confinement related effects in the optical response of thin plasmonic films of controlled variable thickness. While being constant for relatively thick films, the plasma frequency is shown to acquire spatial…
Synthetic photonic lattice with temporally controlled potentials is a versatile platform for realizing wave dynamics associated with physical areas of optics and quantum physics. Here, discrete optics in one-dimensionally synthetic photonic…
Absolute value measurements of turbulence amplitude in magnetically confined high-temperature plasmas can effectively explain turbulence-driven transport characteristics and their role in plasma confinements. Two-dimensional phase contrast…
Radiative transfer calculations have predicted intensity enhancements for optically thick emission lines, as opposed to the normal intensity reductions, for astrophysical plasmas under certain conditions. In particular, the results are…
Here, we present a concept based on the realization that a complex medium can be used as a simple interferometer. Changes in the wavefront of an incident coherent beam can be retrieved by analyzing changes in speckle patterns when the beam…
The nonlinear optical properties of a plasma due to the relativistic electron motion in an intense laser field are of fundamental importance for current research and the generation of brilliant laser-driven sources of particles and…