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Improving the quality of end-of-life care for hospitalized patients is a priority for healthcare organizations. Studies have shown that physicians tend to over-estimate prognoses, which in combination with treatment inertia results in a…

Adherence can be defined as "the extent to which patients take their medications as prescribed by their healthcare providers"[Osterberg and Blaschke, 2005]. World Health Organization's reports point out that, in developed countries, only…

Risk adjustment in health care aims to redistribute payments to insurers based on costs. However, risk adjustment formulas are known to underestimate costs for some groups of patients. This undercompensation makes these groups unprofitable…

In medical diagnosis, physicians predict the state of a patient by checking measurements (features) obtained from a sequence of tests, e.g., blood test, urine test, followed by invasive tests. As tests are often costly, one would like to…

Machine learning (ML) models often exhibit bias that can exacerbate inequities in biomedical applications. Fairness auditing, the process of evaluating a model's performance across subpopulations, is critical for identifying and mitigating…

The use of credit cards has become quite common these days as digital banking has become the norm. With this increase, fraud in credit cards also has a huge problem and loss to the banks and customers alike. Normal fraud detection systems,…

Fraudulent activity in the financial industry costs billions annually. Detecting fraud, therefore, is an essential yet technically challenging task that requires carefully analyzing large volumes of data. While machine learning (ML)…

With the increase of credit card usage, the volume of credit card misuse also has significantly increased. As a result, financial organizations are working hard on developing and deploying credit card fraud detection methods, in order to…

Electronic health record (EHR) data has emerged as a valuable resource for analyzing patient health status. However, the prevalence of missing data in EHR poses significant challenges to existing methods, leading to spurious correlations…

Federated learning (FL) has received high interest from researchers and practitioners to train machine learning (ML) models for healthcare. Ensuring the trustworthiness of these models is essential. Especially bias, defined as a disparity…

The risk of financial fraud is increasing as digital payments are used more and more frequently. Although the use of artificial intelligence systems for fraud detection is widespread, society and regulators have raised the standards for…

The treatment effects of medications play a key role in guiding medical prescriptions. They are usually assessed with randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which are expensive. Recently, large-scale electronic health records (EHRs) have…

Insufficiently precise diagnosis of clinical disease is likely responsible for many treatment failures, even for common conditions and treatments. With a large enough dataset, it may be possible to use unsupervised machine learning to…

Understanding patterns of diagnoses, medications, procedures, and laboratory tests from electronic health records (EHRs) and health insurer claims is important for understanding disease risk and for efficient clinical development, which…

Machine learning has become an increasingly powerful tool for solving complex problems, and its application in public health has been underutilized. The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of a machine-learned model of foodborne…

With the rapid development of e-commerce, e-commerce platforms are facing an increasing number of fraud threats. Effectively identifying and preventing these fraudulent activities has become a critical research problem. Traditional fraud…

Federated learning (FL) is proving to be one of the most promising paradigms for leveraging distributed resources, enabling a set of clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model while keeping the data decentralized. The…

Machine learning (ML) algorithms are optimized for the distribution represented by the training data. For outlier data, they often deliver predictions with equal confidence, even though these should not be trusted. In order to deploy…

The United States Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) 510(k) pathway allows manufacturers to gain medical device approval by demonstrating substantial equivalence to a legally marketed device. However, the inherent ambiguity of this…

Credit card fraud is an ongoing problem for almost all industries in the world, and it raises millions of dollars to the global economy each year. Therefore, there is a number of research either completed or proceeding in order to detect…