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Document classification forms the backbone of modern enterprise content management, yet existing benchmarks remain trapped in oversimplified paradigms -- single domain settings with flat label structures -- that bear little resemblance to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Denghao Ma , Qing Liu , Zulong Chen , Chuanfei Xu , Jia Xu , Zhibo Yang , Wei Shao , Zhao Li

Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is a challenging subtask of multi-label classification as the labels form a complex hierarchical structure. Existing dual-encoder methods in HTC achieve weak performance gains with huge memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 He Zhu , Chong Zhang , Junjie Huang , Junran Wu , Ke Xu

Novel contexts may often arise in complex querying scenarios such as in evidence-based medicine (EBM) involving biomedical literature, that may not explicitly refer to entities or canonical concept forms occurring in any fact- or rule-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Manirupa Das , Juanxi Li , Eric Fosler-Lussier , Simon Lin , Soheil Moosavinasab , Steve Rust , Yungui Huang , Rajiv Ramnath

Scientific literature review generation aims to extract and organize important information from an abundant collection of reference papers and produces corresponding reviews while lacking a clear and logical hierarchy. We observe that a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Kun Zhu , Xiaocheng Feng , Xiachong Feng , Yingsheng Wu , Bing Qin

Document subject classification is essential for structuring (digital) libraries and allowing readers to search within a specific field. Currently, the classification is typically made by human domain experts. Semi-supervised Machine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Philipp Scharpf , Moritz Schubotz , Bela Gipp

Multi-label classification is a common challenge in various machine learning applications, where a single data instance can be associated with multiple classes simultaneously. The current paper proposes a novel tree-based method for…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-01 Chhavi Tyagi , Wenge Guo

Hierarchical text classification aims to categorize each document into a set of classes in a label taxonomy, which is a fundamental web text mining task with broad applications such as web content analysis and semantic indexing. Most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Yunyi Zhang , Ruozhen Yang , Xueqiang Xu , Rui Li , Jinfeng Xiao , Jiaming Shen , Jiawei Han

Extreme multi-label text classification (XMTC) refers to the problem of tagging a given text with the most relevant subset of labels from a large label set. A majority of labels only have a few training instances due to large label…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-25 Yuan Wang , Huiling Song , Peng Huo , Tao Xu , Jucheng Yang , Yarui Chen , Tingting Zhao

Taxonomies and ontologies of research topics (e.g., MeSH, UMLS, CSO, NLM) play a central role in providing the primary framework through which intelligent systems can explore and interpret the literature. However, these resources have…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Alessia Pisu , Livio Pompianu , Francesco Osborne , Diego Reforgiato Recupero , Daniele Riboni , Angelo Salatino

Objective: Systematic reviews of scholarly documents often provide complete and exhaustive summaries of literature relevant to a research question. However, well-done systematic reviews are expensive, time-demanding, and labor-intensive.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Xiaoxiao Li , Rabah Al-Zaidy , Amy Zhang , Stefan Baral , Le Bao , C. Lee Giles

Data intensive research requires the support of appropriate datasets. However, it is often time-consuming to discover usable datasets matching a specific research topic. We formulate the dataset discovery problem on an attributed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Basmah Altaf , Shichao Pei , Xiangliang Zhang

Cross-lingual annotations of legislative texts enable us to explore major themes covered in multilingual legal data and are a key facilitator of semantic similarity when searching for similar documents. Multilingual probabilistic topic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Carlos Badenes-Olmedo , Jose-Luis Redondo-Garcia , Oscar Corcho

The absence of an appropriate text classification corpus makes the massive amount of online job information unusable for labor market analysis. This paper presents JCTC, a large job posting corpus for text classification. In JCTC…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Haoyu Xu , Chongyang Gu , Han Zhou , Sengpan Kou , Junjie Zhang

The relentless expansion of scientific literature presents significant challenges for navigation and knowledge discovery. Within Research Information Retrieval, established tasks such as text summarization and classification remain crucial…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Gautam Kishore Shahi , Oliver Hummel

In order to learn quickly with few samples, meta-learning utilizes prior knowledge learned from previous tasks. However, a critical challenge in meta-learning is task uncertainty and heterogeneity, which can not be handled via globally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Huaxiu Yao , Ying Wei , Junzhou Huang , Zhenhui Li

Label hierarchies widely exist in many vision-related problems, ranging from explicit label hierarchies existed in image classification to latent label hierarchies existed in semantic segmentation. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Hao-Yun Chen , Li-Huang Tsai , Shih-Chieh Chang , Jia-Yu Pan , Yu-Ting Chen , Wei Wei , Da-Cheng Juan

Authors of research papers in the fields of mathematics, and other math-heavy disciplines commonly employ the Mathematics Subject Classification (MSC) scheme to search for relevant literature. The MSC is a hierarchical alphanumerical…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Moritz Schubotz , Philipp Scharpf , Olaf Teschke , Andreas Kuehnemund , Corinna Breitinger , Bela Gipp

Scientific literature is expanding at an unprecedented pace, making it increasingly challenging to efficiently organize and access domain knowledge. A high-quality scientific taxonomy offers a structured and hierarchical representation of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shiqiang Cai , Nianhong Niu , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

This paper describes a hierarchical system that predicts one label at a time for automated student response analysis. For the task, we build a classification binary tree that delays more easily confused labels to later stages using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-07-14 Itziar Aldabe , Oier Lopez de Lacalle , Iñigo Lopez-Gazpio , Montse Maritxalar

Automatic classification of scientific articles based on common characteristics is an interesting problem with many applications in digital library and information retrieval systems. Properly organized articles can be useful for automatic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-05-04 Shameem A Puthiya Parambath