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LLM-based agents are increasingly used to simulate deliberative interactions such as negotiation, conflict resolution, and multi-turn opinion exchange. Yet generated transcripts often do not reveal why an agent's stance changes: movement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Joshua C. Yang , Maurice Flechtner , Damian Dailisan , Michiel A. Bakker

In recent years, a new class of models for multi-agent epistemic logic has emerged, based on simplicial complexes. Since then, many variants of these simplicial models have been investigated, giving rise to different logics and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Eric Goubault , Roman Kniazev , Jérémy Ledent , Sergio Rajsbaum

AGM's belief revision is one of the main paradigms in the study of belief change operations. In this context, belief bases (prioritised bases) have been largely used to specify the agent's belief state - whether representing the agent's…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Marlo Souza , Álvaro Moreira , Renata Vieira

Von Neuman's work on universal machines and the hardware development have allowed the simulation of dynamical systems through a large set of interacting agents. This is a bottom-up approach which tries to derive global properties of a…

Graphics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gilson A. Giraldi , Luis C. da Costa , Adilson V. Xavier , Paulo S. Rodrigues

Language models as intelligent agents push the boundaries of sequential decision-making agents but struggle with limited knowledge of environmental dynamics and exponentially huge action space. Recent efforts like GLAM and TWOSOME manually…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Muning Wen , Ziyu Wan , Weinan Zhang , Jun Wang , Ying Wen

Justification logics are epistemic logics that explicitly include justifications for the agents' knowledge. We develop a multi-agent justification logic with evidence terms for individual agents as well as for common knowledge. We define a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Samuel Bucheli , Roman Kuznets , Thomas Studer

Modelling other agents' behaviors plays an important role in decision models for interactions among multiple agents. To optimise its own decisions, a subject agent needs to model what other agents act simultaneously in an uncertain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Yinghui Pan , Hanyi Zhang , Yifeng Zeng , Biyang Ma , Jing Tang , Zhong Ming

This paper presents an architecture for simulating the actions of a norm-aware intelligent agent whose behavior with respect to norm compliance is set, and can later be changed, by a human controller. Updating an agent's behavior mode from…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Sean Glaze , Daniela Inclezan

Recent advances in large language models have sparked growing interest in AI agents capable of solving complex, real-world tasks. However, most existing agent systems rely on manually crafted configurations that remain static after…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jinyuan Fang , Yanwen Peng , Xi Zhang , Yingxu Wang , Xinhao Yi , Guibin Zhang , Yi Xu , Bin Wu , Siwei Liu , Zihao Li , Zhaochun Ren , Nikos Aletras , Xi Wang , Han Zhou , Zaiqiao Meng

In this preprint, we present A collaborative human-AI approach to building an inspectable semantic layer for Agentic AI. AI agents first propose candidate knowledge structures from diverse data sources; domain experts then validate,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Liam McGee , James Harvey , Lucy Cull , Andreas Vermeulen , Bart-Floris Visscher , Malvika Sharan

We introduce Ak, an extension of the action description language A (Gelfond and Lifschitz, 1993) to handle actions which affect knowledge. We use sensing actions to increase an agent's knowledge of the world and non-deterministic actions to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jorge Lobo , Gisela Mendez , Stuart R. Taylor

Large language models increasingly function as epistemic agents -- entities that can 1) autonomously pursue epistemic goals and 2) actively shape our shared knowledge environment. They curate the information we receive, often supplanting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Nahema Marchal , Stephanie Chan , Matija Franklin , Manon Revel , Geoff Keeling , Roberta Fischli , Bilva Chandra , Iason Gabriel

The increasingly popular agentic AI paradigm promises to harness the power of multiple, general-purpose large language model (LLM) agents to collaboratively complete complex tasks. While many agentic AI systems reduce complexity through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hanqing Yang , Hyungwoo Lee , Yuhang Yao , Zhiwei Liu , Kay Liu , Jingdi Chen , Carlee Joe-Wong

Counterfactual inference is a powerful tool for analysing and evaluating autonomous agents, but its application to language model (LM) agents remains challenging. Existing work on counterfactuals in LMs has primarily focused on token-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Pona , Milad Kazemi , Yali Du , David Watson , Nicola Paoletti

In recent years, dynamic agent-based population models, which model every inhabitant of a country as a statistically representative agent, have been gaining in popularity for decision support. This is mainly due to their high degree of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Martin Bicher , Maximilian Viehauser , Daniele Giannandrea , Hannah Kastinger , Dominik Brunmeir , Niki Popper

We present a general logical framework for reasoning about agents' cognitive attitudes of both epistemic type and motivational type. We show that it allows us to express a variety of relevant concepts for qualitative decision theory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Emiliano Lorini

Dynamic epistemic logic (DEL) is a logical framework for representing and reasoning about knowledge change for multiple agents. An important computational task in this framework is the model checking problem, which has been shown to be…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Ronald de Haan , Iris van de Pol

The recent adoption of machine learning as a tool in real world decision making has spurred interest in understanding how these decisions are being made. Counterfactual Explanations are a popular interpretable machine learning technique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Andrew O'Brien , Edward Kim

This paper introduces RAISE (Reasoning and Acting through Scratchpad and Examples), an advanced architecture enhancing the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 into conversational agents. RAISE, an enhancement of the ReAct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Na Liu , Liangyu Chen , Xiaoyu Tian , Wei Zou , Kaijiang Chen , Ming Cui

In multiagent systems autonomous agents interact with each other to achieve individual and collective goals. Typical interactions concern negotiation and agreement on resource exchanges. Modeling and formalizing these agreements pose…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Lorenzo Ceragioli , Pierpaolo Degano , Letterio Galletta , Luca Viganò
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