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Quantum computing is a cutting-edge field of information technology that harnesses the principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations. It has major implications for the cyber security industry. Existing cyber protection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Ummar Ahmed , Tuomo Sipola , Jari Hautamäki

Quantum computers are available via a variety of different quantum cloud offerings. These offerings are heterogeneous and differ in features, such as pricing models or types of access to quantum computers. Furthermore, quantum circuits can…

Computer Use Agents (CUAs), autonomous systems that interact with software interfaces via browsers or virtual machines, are rapidly being deployed in consumer and enterprise environments. These agents introduce novel attack surfaces and…

Many reconfigurable platforms require that applications be written specifically to take advantage of the reconfigurable hardware. In a PC-based environment, this presents an undesirable constraint in that the many already available…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Darran Nathan

As large-scale quantum computers become a reality, they will likely exist as centralized cloud resources accessible to a broad user base. Securely delegating private quantum computations to untrusted servers is therefore a foundational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Sanidhya Gupta , Ankur Raina

As Virtual Reality (VR) applications grow in popularity, they have bridged distances and brought users closer together. However, with this growth, there have been increasing concerns about security and privacy, especially related to the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zihao Su , Kunlin Cai , Reuben Beeler , Lukas Dresel , Allan Garcia , Ilya Grishchenko , Yuan Tian , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises secure key agreement by using quantum mechanical systems. We argue that QKD will be an important part of future cryptographic infrastructures. It can provide long-term confidentiality for encrypted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-25 Douglas Stebila , Michele Mosca , Norbert Lütkenhaus

A quantum operating system (QCOS) is a classic software running on classic hardware. The QCOS is preparing, starting, controlling and managing quantum computations. The reliable execution of fault-tolerant quantum computations will require…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Alexandru Paler

Quantum technologies such as communications, computing, and sensing offer vast opportunities for advanced research and development. While an open-source ethos currently exists within some quantum technologies, especially in quantum computer…

Quantum computing poses significant threats to conventional cryptographic techniques such as RSA and AES, motivating the need for quantum secure communication methods. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers information theoretic security…

Cloud security is one of the biggest concerns for many companies. The growth in the number and size of websites increases the need for better securing those websites. Manual testing and detection of web vulnerabilities can be very time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Emre Erturk , Angel Rajan

Cyber-security has become vital for modern networked control systems (NCS). In this paper, we propose that the emerging technology of quantum key distribution (QKD) can be applied to enhance the privacy and security of NCS up to an…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-05-24 Hai-Jin Ding , Re-Bing Wu , Qian-Chuan Zhao

Quantum Key Exchange (QKE, also known as Quantum Key Distribution or QKD) allows communicating parties to securely establish cryptographic keys. It is a well-established fact that all QKE protocols require that the parties have access to an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-11 Kenneth G. Paterson , Fred Piper , Ruediger Schack

Quantum key distribution (QKD) networks hold promise for sharing secure randomness over multi-partities. Most existing QKD network schemes and demonstrations are based on trusted relays or limited to point-to-point scenario. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-30 Wen-Fei Cao , Yi-Zheng Zhen , Yu-Lin Zheng , Shuai Zhao , Feihu Xu , Li Li , Zeng-Bing Chen , Nai-Le Liu , Kai Chen

We quickly approach a "pervasive future" where pervasive computing is the norm. In this scenario, humans are surrounded by a multitude of heterogeneous devices that assist them in almost every aspect of their daily routines. The realization…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Artur Souza , Antônio A. F. Loureiro , Leonardo B. Oliveira

Establishing scalable, secure quantum networks requires advancing beyond conventional point-to-point quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols toward point-to-multipoint QKD protocols. Here, we generalize a well-established…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a popular introduction to quantum technologies used in education and public outreach, as very little background in quantum theory is needed and the practical applications are easily understood. There is…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-01-27 Brian R. La Cour , Noah A. Davis

Cloud computing has become the backbone of the computing industry and offers subscription-based on-demand services. Through virtualization, which produces a virtual instance of a computer system running in an abstracted hardware layer, it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Sakshi Chhabra , Ashutosh Kumar Singh

One reason for not adopting cloud services is the required trust in the cloud provider: As they control the hypervisor, any data processed in the system is accessible to them. Full memory encryption for Virtual Machines (VM) protects…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Luca Wilke , Jan Wichelmann , Mathias Morbitzer , Thomas Eisenbarth

The Early Fault-Tolerant (EFT) era is emerging, where modest Quantum Error Correction (QEC) can enable quantum utility before full-scale fault tolerance. Quantum optimization is a leading candidate for early applications, but protecting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Ramin Ayanzadeh , Ahmad Mousavi , Amirhossein Basareh , Narges Alavisamani , Kazem Taram