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Large models such as Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence, powering applications in natural language processing, computer vision, and multimodal learning. However, fully…

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as the predominant technique for fine-tuning in the era of large language models. However, existing PEFT methods still have inadequate training efficiency. Firstly, the utilization of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Naibin Gu , Peng Fu , Xiyu Liu , Bowen Shen , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

An embedding-based speaker adaptive training (SAT) approach is proposed and investigated in this paper for deep neural network acoustic modeling. In this approach, speaker embedding vectors, which are a constant given a particular speaker,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Xiaodong Cui , Vaibhava Goel , George Saon

Prompt tuning is a parameter-efficient tuning (PETuning) method for utilizing pre-trained models (PTMs) that simply prepends a soft prompt to the input and only optimizes the prompt to adapt PTMs to downstream tasks. Although it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Xiangyang Liu , Tianxiang Sun , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Large, pre-trained representation models trained using self-supervised learning have gained popularity in various fields of machine learning because they are able to extract high-quality salient features from input data. As such, they have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Hejung Yang , Hong-Goo Kang

Adapting a large language model for multiple-attribute text style transfer via fine-tuning can be challenging due to the significant amount of computational resources and labeled data required for the specific task. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Zhiqiang Hu , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Nancy F. Chen

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of pre-trained language models (PLMs) has emerged as a highly successful approach, with training only a small number of parameters without sacrificing performance and becoming the de-facto learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Baohao Liao , Shaomu Tan , Christof Monz

With the continuous growth in the number of parameters of transformer-based pretrained language models (PLMs), particularly the emergence of large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters, many natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Lingling Xu , Haoran Xie , Si-Zhao Joe Qin , Xiaohui Tao , Fu Lee Wang

Recently, self-supervised pre-training has shown significant improvements in many areas of machine learning, including speech and NLP. We propose using large self-supervised pre-trained models for both audio and text modality with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-24 Krishna D N

Prompt tuning is a technology that tunes a small set of parameters to steer a pre-trained language model (LM) to directly generate the output for downstream tasks. Recently, prompt tuning has demonstrated its storage and computation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-02 Kai-Wei Chang , Yu-Kai Wang , Hua Shen , Iu-thing Kang , Wei-Cheng Tseng , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

In this paper, we present an Adaptive Ensemble Learning framework that aims to boost the performance of deep neural networks by intelligently fusing features through ensemble learning techniques. The proposed framework integrates ensemble…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Neelesh Mungoli

When adapting large language models (LLMs) to a specific downstream task, two primary approaches are commonly employed: (1) prompt engineering, often with in-context few-shot learning, leveraging the model's inherent generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Jorg Bornschein , Clare Lyle , Yazhe Li , Amal Rannen-Triki , Xu Owen He , Razvan Pascanu

Audio self-supervised learning (SSL) pre-training, which aims to learn good representations from unlabeled audio, has made remarkable progress. However, the extensive computational demands during pre-training pose a significant barrier to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Wenxi Chen , Yuzhe Liang , Ziyang Ma , Zhisheng Zheng , Xie Chen

Language Model pre-training uses broad data mixtures to enhance performance across domains and languages. However, training on such heterogeneous text corpora requires extensive and expensive efforts. Since these data sources vary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Alex Iacob , Lorenzo Sani , Meghdad Kurmanji , William F. Shen , Xinchi Qiu , Dongqi Cai , Yan Gao , Nicholas D. Lane

Speech models have long been known to overfit individual speakers for many classification tasks. This leads to poor generalization in settings where the speakers are out-of-domain or out-of-distribution, as is common in production…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Maximillian Chen , Zhou Yu

Prompt-Tuning is a new paradigm for finetuning pre-trained language models in a parameter-efficient way. Here, we explore the use of HyperNetworks to generate hyper-prompts: we propose HyperPrompt, a novel architecture for prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Yun He , Huaixiu Steven Zheng , Yi Tay , Jai Gupta , Yu Du , Vamsi Aribandi , Zhe Zhao , YaGuang Li , Zhao Chen , Donald Metzler , Heng-Tze Cheng , Ed H. Chi

Large-scale diffusion models like Stable Diffusion are powerful and find various real-world applications while customizing such models by fine-tuning is both memory and time inefficient. Motivated by the recent progress in natural language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Chendong Xiang , Fan Bao , Chongxuan Li , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

Large language models have demonstrated promising performance across various software engineering tasks. While fine-tuning is a common practice to adapt these models for downstream tasks, it becomes challenging in resource-constrained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Imam Nur Bani Yusuf , Lingxiao Jiang

Fine-tuning and inference with large Language Models (LM) are generally known to be expensive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning over pretrained LMs reduces training memory by updating a small number of LM parameters but does not improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Bowen Zhao , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Qingqing Cao

Recently, fine-tuning language models pre-trained on large text corpora have provided huge improvements on vision-and-language (V&L) tasks as well as on pure language tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire parameter set of pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Yi-Lin Sung , Jaemin Cho , Mohit Bansal