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Model-based reinforcement learning is one approach to increase sample efficiency. However, the accuracy of the dynamics model and the resulting compounding error over modelled trajectories are commonly regarded as key limitations. A natural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Daniel Palenicek , Michael Lutter , Joao Carvalho , Jan Peters

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm in Artificial Intelligence (AI), enabling agents to learn optimal behaviors through interactions with their environments. Drawing from the foundations of trial and error, RL…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Majid Ghasemi , Amir Hossein Moosavi , Dariush Ebrahimi

One of the most surprising and exciting discoveries in supervised learning was the benefit of overparameterization (i.e. training a very large model) to improving the optimization landscape of a problem, with minimal effect on statistical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-17 Rares-Darius Buhai , Yoni Halpern , Yoon Kim , Andrej Risteski , David Sontag

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising paradigm for post-training large language models (LLMs) on complex reasoning tasks. Yet, the conditions under which RLVR yields robust generalization remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Brian Lu , Hongyu Zhao , Shuo Sun , Hao Peng , Rui Ding , Hongyuan Mei

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) methods are succeeding in a growing number of tasks, aided by recent advances in deep learning. However, they tend to suffer from high sample complexity, which hinders their use in real-world domains.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Thanard Kurutach , Ignasi Clavera , Yan Duan , Aviv Tamar , Pieter Abbeel

We propose a simple architecture for deep reinforcement learning by embedding inputs into a learned Fourier basis and show that it improves the sample efficiency of both state-based and image-based RL. We perform infinite-width analysis of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Alexander C. Li , Deepak Pathak

Humans leverage rich internal models of the world to reason about the future, imagine counterfactuals, and adapt flexibly to new situations. In Reinforcement Learning (RL), world models aim to capture how the environment evolves in response…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Léopold Maytié , Roland Bertin Johannet , Rufin VanRullen

In recent years, deep reinforcement learning has emerged as a technique to solve closed-loop flow control problems. Employing simulation-based environments in reinforcement learning enables a priori end-to-end optimization of the control…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-04-11 Andre Weiner , Janis Geise

Symbolic regression algorithms search a space of mathematical expressions for formulas that explain given data. Transformer-based models have emerged as a promising, scalable approach shifting the expensive combinatorial search to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Henrik Voigt , Paul Kahlmeyer , Kai Lawonn , Michael Habeck , Joachim Giesen

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in reasoning and tool utilization. However, the generalization of tool-augmented reinforcement learning (RL) across diverse domains remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Zhengyu Chen , Jinluan Yang , Teng Xiao , Ruochen Zhou , Luan Zhang , Xiangyu Xi , Xiaowei Shi , Wei Wang , Jinggang Wang

Meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) is a promising framework for tackling challenging domains requiring efficient exploration. Existing meta-RL algorithms are characterized by low sample efficiency, and mostly focus on low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Zohar Rimon , Tom Jurgenson , Orr Krupnik , Gilad Adler , Aviv Tamar

Experience replay, the reuse of past data to improve sample efficiency, is ubiquitous in reinforcement learning. Though a variety of smart sampling schemes have been introduced to improve performance, uniform sampling by far remains the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Parham Mohammad Panahi , Andrew Patterson , Martha White , Adam White

Sampling-based motion planning is a well-established approach in autonomous driving, valued for its modularity and analytical tractability. In complex urban scenarios, however, uniform or heuristic sampling often produces many infeasible or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Korbinian Moller , Roland Stroop , Mattia Piccinini , Alexander Langmann , Johannes Betz

Continual learning (CL), which aims to learn a sequence of tasks, has attracted significant recent attention. However, most work has focused on the experimental performance of CL, and theoretical studies of CL are still limited. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Sen Lin , Peizhong Ju , Yingbin Liang , Ness Shroff

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires skillful definition and remarkable computational efforts to solve optimization and control problems, which could impair its prospect. Introducing human guidance into reinforcement learning is a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Wenhui Huang , Chen Lv

In this work, we propose ModelPred, a framework that helps to understand the impact of changes in training data on a trained model. This is critical for building trust in various stages of a machine learning pipeline: from cleaning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Yingyan Zeng , Jiachen T. Wang , Si Chen , Hoang Anh Just , Ran Jin , Ruoxi Jia

Deep Reinforcement Learning has shown great success in a variety of control tasks. However, it is unclear how close we are to the vision of putting Deep RL into practice to solve real world problems. In particular, common practice in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-21 Chenyang Zhao , Olivier Sigaud , Freek Stulp , Timothy M. Hospedales

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that enables an intelligent agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative rewards in sequential decision making. Most of methods in the existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-06 Chengchun Shi , Zhengling Qi , Jianing Wang , Fan Zhou

Episodic training, where an agent's environment is reset after every success or failure, is the de facto standard when training embodied reinforcement learning (RL) agents. The underlying assumption that the environment can be easily reset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Zichen Zhang , Luca Weihs

Ensemble models are powerful model building tools that are developed with a focus to improve the accuracy of model predictions. They find applications in time series forecasting in varied scenarios including but not limited to process…