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Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has shown remarkable success in complex domains, however, the inherent black box nature of deep neural network policies raises significant challenges in understanding and trusting the decision-making…

Feature attribution methods such as SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) have become instrumental in understanding machine learning models, but their role in guiding model optimization remains underexplored. In this paper, we propose a…

Among explainability techniques, SHAP stands out as one of the most popular, but often overlooks the causal structure of the problem. In response, do-SHAP employs interventional queries, but its reliance on estimands hinders its practical…

Explainable AI (XAI) is critical for ensuring transparency, accountability, and trust in machine learning systems as black-box models are increasingly deployed within high-stakes domains. Among XAI methods, Shapley values are widely used…

Shapley value-based methods have become foundational in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI), offering theoretically grounded feature attributions through cooperative game theory. However, in practice, particularly in vision tasks, the…

This study first derives a general and analytical expression of AFA (Additive Feature Attribution) in terms of the kernel in LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations). Then, we propose some new AFAs that have appropriate…

This paper proposes a novel approach to explain the predictions made by data-driven methods. Since such predictions rely heavily on the data used for training, explanations that convey information about how the training data affects the…

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in processing and managing unstructured data. However, its "black box" nature imposes significant limitations, particularly in sensitive application domains. While existing interpretable machine…

SHAP is a popular approach to explain black-box models by revealing the importance of individual features. As it ignores feature interactions, SHAP explanations can be confusing up to misleading. NSHAP, on the other hand, reports the…

This paper introduces X-SHAP, a model-agnostic method that assesses multiplicative contributions of variables for both local and global predictions. This method theoretically and operationally extends the so-called additive SHAP approach.…

Shapley-based data valuation provides a principled way to quantify the contribution of training data, but its high computational cost makes it impractical in dynamic settings where tasks and training players evolve. Existing methods treat…

Distributional data Shapley value (DShapley) has recently been proposed as a principled framework to quantify the contribution of individual datum in machine learning. DShapley develops the foundational game theory concept of Shapley values…

We present a novel approach for explaining Gaussian processes (GPs) that can utilize the full analytical covariance structure present in GPs. Our method is based on the popular solution concept of Shapley values extended to stochastic…

Shapley values has established itself as one of the most appropriate and theoretically sound frameworks for explaining predictions from complex machine learning models. The popularity of Shapley values in the explanation setting is probably…

Unpacking and comprehending how black-box machine learning algorithms make decisions has been a persistent challenge for researchers and end-users. Explaining time-series predictive models is useful for clinical applications with high…

The Shapley value provides a principled foundation for data valuation, but exact computation is #P-hard due to the exponential coalition space. Existing accelerations remain global and ignore a structural property of modern predictors: for…

For reinforcement learning systems to be widely adopted, their users must understand and trust them. We present a theoretical analysis of explaining reinforcement learning using Shapley values, following a principled approach from game…

Despite the popularity of Shapley Values in explaining neural text classification models, computing them is prohibitive for large pretrained models due to a large number of model evaluations. In practice, Shapley Values are often estimated…

We discuss promising recent contributions on quantifying feature relevance using Shapley values, where we observed some confusion on which probability distribution is the right one for dropped features. We argue that the confusion is based…

Interpretability is central for scientific machine learning, as understanding \emph{why} models make predictions enables hypothesis generation and validation. While tabular foundation models show strong performance, existing explanation…