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With the rapid improvement of LLMs' coding capabilities, the bottleneck of LLM-based automated software development is shifting from generating correct code to eliciting users' requirements. Despite growing interest, the interview…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Dongming Jin , Zhi Jin , Zheng Fang , Linyu Li , XiaoTian Yang , Yuanpeng He , Xiaohong Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for eliciting reasoning chains before generating final answers. However, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate reasoning that lacks integration of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Omar Sharif , Eftekhar Hossain , Patrick Ng

Reinforcement learning (RL), particularly in sparse reward settings, often requires prohibitively large numbers of interactions with the environment, thereby limiting its applicability to complex problems. To address this, several prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Prasoon Goyal , Scott Niekum , Raymond J. Mooney

We introduce a novel virtual robotic toolkit myGym, developed for reinforcement learning (RL), intrinsic motivation and imitation learning tasks trained in a 3D simulator. The trained tasks can then be easily transferred to real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Michal Vavrecka , Nikita Sokovnin , Megi Mejdrechova , Gabriela Sejnova , Marek Otahal

While recent vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate strong image understanding, their ability to "think with images", i.e., to reason through multi-step visual interactions, remains limited. We introduce VISTA-Gym, a scalable training…

We tackle the problem of aligning pre-trained large language models (LMs) with human preferences. If we view text generation as a sequential decision-making problem, reinforcement learning (RL) appears to be a natural conceptual framework.…

Reward engineering has long been a challenge in Reinforcement Learning (RL) research, as it often requires extensive human effort and iterative processes of trial-and-error to design effective reward functions. In this paper, we propose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yufei Wang , Zhanyi Sun , Jesse Zhang , Zhou Xian , Erdem Biyik , David Held , Zackory Erickson

Reinforcement learning is a promising framework for solving control problems, but its use in practical situations is hampered by the fact that reward functions are often difficult to engineer. Specifying goals and tasks for autonomous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Justin Fu , Anoop Korattikara , Sergey Levine , Sergio Guadarrama

Vision-language reinforcement learning (RL) has primarily focused on narrow domains (e.g. geometry or chart reasoning). This leaves broader training scenarios and resources underexplored, limiting the exploration and learning of Vision…

Learning reward functions for physical skills are challenging due to the vast spectrum of skills, the high-dimensionality of state and action space, and nuanced sensory feedback. The complexity of these tasks makes acquiring expert…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yuwei Zeng , Yiqing Xu

We introduce Reasoning Core, a new scalable environment for Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), designed to advance foundational symbolic reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike existing benchmarks that focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Valentin Lacombe , Valentin Quesnel , Damien Sileo

Real world applications of Reinforcement Learning (RL) are often partially observable, thus requiring memory. Despite this, partial observability is still largely ignored by contemporary RL benchmarks and libraries. We introduce Partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Steven Morad , Ryan Kortvelesy , Matteo Bettini , Stephan Liwicki , Amanda Prorok

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods for learning driving policies have gained increasing attention in the autonomous driving community and have achieved remarkable progress in various driving scenarios. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Yansong Qu , Junwei You , Sikai Chen

Vision language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on general image understanding but struggle to think with medical images, especially when performing multi-step reasoning through iterative visual interaction. Medical VLMs often rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Meng Lu , Yuxing Lu , Yuchen Zhuang , Megan Mullins , Yang Xie , Guanghua Xiao , Charles Fleming , Wenqi Shi , Xuan Wang

Visual program synthesis is a promising approach to exploit the reasoning abilities of large language models for compositional computer vision tasks. Previous work has used few-shot prompting with frozen LLMs to synthesize visual programs.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zaid Khan , Vijay Kumar BG , Samuel Schulter , Yun Fu , Manmohan Chandraker

Vision-Language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but often fail at systematic visual reasoning tasks, leading to inconsistent or illogical outputs. Neuro-symbolic methods promise to address this by inducing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Antonia Wüst , Wolfgang Stammer , Hikaru Shindo , Lukas Helff , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires either manually specifying a reward function, which is often infeasible, or learning a reward model from a large amount of human feedback, which is often very expensive. We study a more sample-efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Juan Rocamonde , Victoriano Montesinos , Elvis Nava , Ethan Perez , David Lindner

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) combine the linguistic strengths of LLMs with the ability to process multimodal data, enbaling them to address a broader range of visual tasks. Because MLLMs aim at more general, human-like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Hengwei Ye , Yuanting Guan , Yuxuan Ge , Tianying Zhu , Zhenhan Guan , Yijia Zhong , Yijing Zhang , Han Zhang , Yingna Wu , Zheng Tian

Reinforcement learning based post-training has recently emerged as a powerful paradigm for enhancing the alignment and reasoning capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). While vision-centric post-training is crucial for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Penghao Wu , Yushan Zhang , Haiwen Diao , Bo Li , Lewei Lu , Ziwei Liu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently advanced robotic manipulation by leveraging vision for scene perception and language for instruction following. However, existing methods rely heavily on costly human-annotated training…