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The practical deployment of Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) systems is fundamentally challenged by significant performance degradation in real-world environments, characterized by unpredictable acoustic noise and visual interference.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Sungnyun Kim

Conventional keyword search systems operate on automatic speech recognition (ASR) outputs, which causes them to have a complex indexing and search pipeline. This has led to interest in ASR-free approaches to simplify the search procedure.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-17 Bolaji Yusuf , Jan Cernocky , Murat Saraclar

In this paper, we employ Singular Value Canonical Correlation Analysis (SVCCA) to analyze representations learnt in a multilingual end-to-end speech translation model trained over 22 languages. SVCCA enables us to estimate representational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Haoran Sun , Xiaohu Zhao , Yikun Lei , Shaolin Zhu , Deyi Xiong

For automatic speech translation (AST), end-to-end approaches are outperformed by cascaded models that transcribe with automatic speech recognition (ASR), then translate with machine translation (MT). A major cause of the performance gap is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Juan Pino , Liezl Puzon , Jiatao Gu , Xutai Ma , Arya D. McCarthy , Deepak Gopinath

Current ASR systems are mainly trained and evaluated at the utterance level. Long range cross utterance context can be incorporated. A key task is to derive a suitable compact representation of the most relevant history contexts. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-27 Mingyu Cui , Jiawen Kang , Jiajun Deng , Xi Yin , Yutao Xie , Xie Chen , Xunying Liu

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models have recently demonstrated superior performance over the traditional hybrid ASR models. Training an E2E ASR model requires a large amount of data which is not only expensive but may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Amin Fazel , Wei Yang , Yulan Liu , Roberto Barra-Chicote , Yixiong Meng , Roland Maas , Jasha Droppo

Human language is a combination of elemental languages/domains/styles that change across and sometimes within discourses. Language models, which play a crucial role in speech recognizers and machine translation systems, are particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-03-22 Damianos Karakos , Mark Dredze , Sanjeev Khudanpur

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is improving ever more at mimicking human speech processing. The functioning of ASR, however, remains to a large extent obfuscated by the complex structure of the deep neural networks (DNNs) they are based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Karla Markert , Romain Parracone , Mykhailo Kulakov , Philip Sperl , Ching-Yu Kao , Konstantin Böttinger

End-to-end spoken language understanding (SLU) systems are gaining popularity over cascaded approaches due to their simplicity and ability to avoid error propagation. However, these systems model sequence labeling as a sequence prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Siddhant Arora , Siddharth Dalmia , Brian Yan , Florian Metze , Alan W Black , Shinji Watanabe

Modern automatic speech recognition (ASR) model is required to accurately transcribe diverse speech signals (from different domains, languages, accents, etc) given the specific contextual information in various application scenarios.…

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) models, by now, have shown competitive performance on several benchmarks. These models are structured to either operate in streaming or non-streaming mode. This work presents cascaded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-29 Arun Narayanan , Tara N. Sainath , Ruoming Pang , Jiahui Yu , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Ehsan Variani , Trevor Strohman

While supervised quality predictors for synthesized speech have demonstrated strong correlations with human ratings, their requirement for in-domain labeled training data hinders their generalization ability to new domains. Unsupervised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Erica Cooper , Takuma Okamoto , Yamato Ohtani , Tomoki Toda , Hisashi Kawai

The end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are often required to operate in reverberant conditions, where the long-term sub-band envelopes of the speech are temporally smeared. In this paper, we develop a feature…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-21 Rohit Kumar , Anurenjan Purushothaman , Anirudh Sreeram , Sriram Ganapathy

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems generalize poorly on accented speech. The phonetic and linguistic variability of accents present hard challenges for ASR systems today in both data collection and modeling strategies. The resulting…

Despite improvements to the generalization performance of automated speech recognition (ASR) models, specializing ASR models for downstream tasks remains a challenging task, primarily due to reduced data availability (necessitating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-10 David M. Chan , Shalini Ghosh , Ariya Rastrow , Björn Hoffmeister

This paper presents a method to train end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models using unpaired data. Although the end-to-end approach can eliminate the need for expert knowledge such as pronunciation dictionaries to build ASR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Takaaki Hori , Ramon Astudillo , Tomoki Hayashi , Yu Zhang , Shinji Watanabe , Jonathan Le Roux

The demand for fast and accurate incremental speech recognition increases as the applications of automatic speech recognition (ASR) proliferate. Incremental speech recognizers output chunks of partially recognized words while the user is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Yuan Shangguan , Kate Knister , Yanzhang He , Ian McGraw , Francoise Beaufays

In automatic speech recognition (ASR) what a user says depends on the particular context she is in. Typically, this context is represented as a set of word n-grams. In this work, we present a novel, all-neural, end-to-end (E2E) ASR sys- tem…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-09 Golan Pundak , Tara N. Sainath , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Anjuli Kannan , Ding Zhao

In this work we evaluate the utility of synthetic data for training automatic speech recognition (ASR). We use the ASR training data to train a text-to-speech (TTS) system similar to FastSpeech-2. With this TTS we reproduce the original…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Benedikt Hilmes , Nick Rossenbach , and Ralf Schlüter

End-to-end models with auto-regressive decoders have shown impressive results for automatic speech recognition (ASR). These models formulate the sequence-level probability as a product of the conditional probabilities of all individual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-24 Qiujia Li , Yu Zhang , Bo Li , Liangliang Cao , Philip C. Woodland