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Recent studies have explored integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with search engines to leverage both the LLMs' internal pre-trained knowledge and external information. Specially, reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Lang Mei , Zhihan Yang , Xiaohan Yu , Huanyao Zhang , Chong Chen

Multilingual pretrained language models (mPLMs) have shown their effectiveness in multilingual word alignment induction. However, these methods usually start from mBERT or XLM-R. In this paper, we investigate whether multilingual sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Weikang Wang , Guanhua Chen , Hanqing Wang , Yue Han , Yun Chen

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance across multiple crosslingual NLP tasks, including machine translation (MT). However, persistent challenges remain in addressing context-sensitive units (CSUs), such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Qiuyu Ding , Zhiqiang Cao , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Multilingual pre-trained language models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on several downstream tasks for both high-resourced and low-resourced languages. However, there is still a large performance drop for languages unseen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Jesujoba O. Alabi , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

Leveraging task-aware annotated data as supervised signals to assist with self-supervised learning on large-scale unlabeled data has become a new trend in pre-training language models. Existing studies show that multi-task learning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Zhuosheng Zhang , Shuohang Wang , Yichong Xu , Yuwei Fang , Wenhao Yu , Yang Liu , Hai Zhao , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

This paper investigates how Large Language Models (LLMs) represent non-English tokens -- a question that remains underexplored despite recent progress. We propose a lightweight intervention method using representation steering, where a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Omar Mahmoud , Buddhika Laknath Semage , Thommen George Karimpanal , Santu Rana

Language models trained on diverse datasets unlock generalization by in-context learning. Reinforcement Learning (RL) policies can achieve a similar effect by meta-learning within the memory of a sequence model. However, meta-RL research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jake Grigsby , Justin Sasek , Samyak Parajuli , Daniel Adebi , Amy Zhang , Yuke Zhu

State-of-the-art neural language models (LMs) represented by Transformers are highly complex. Their use of fixed, deterministic parameter estimates fail to account for model uncertainty and lead to over-fitting and poor generalization when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Boyang Xue , Jianwei Yu , Junhao Xu , Shansong Liu , Shoukang Hu , Zi Ye , Mengzhe Geng , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

This paper describes QCRI's machine translation systems for the IWSLT 2016 evaluation campaign. We participated in the Arabic->English and English->Arabic tracks. We built both Phrase-based and Neural machine translation models, in an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-17 Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi , Hassan Sajjad , Stephan Vogel

The process by which Large Language Models (LLMs) acquire complex capabilities during training remains a key open question in mechanistic interpretability. This project investigates whether these learning dynamics can be characterized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Elisabetta Rocchetti

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) networks have emerged as a promising method for transferring learned knowledge across different tasks. However, MTL must deal with challenges such as: overfitting to low resource tasks, catastrophic forgetting, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Jonathan Pilault , Amine Elhattami , Christopher Pal

Aligned representations across languages is a desired property in multilingual large language models (mLLMs), as alignment can improve performance in cross-lingual tasks. Typically alignment requires fine-tuning a model, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Anirudh Sundar , Sinead Williamson , Katherine Metcalf , Barry-John Theobald , Skyler Seto , Masha Fedzechkina

The purpose of this paper is to use reinforcement learning to model learning agents which can recognize formal languages. Agents are modeled as simple multi-head automaton, a new model of finite automaton that uses multiple heads, and six…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Alper Şekerci , Özlem Salehi

We present our contribution to the SIGMORPHON 2019 Shared Task: Crosslinguality and Context in Morphology, Task 2: contextual morphological analysis and lemmatization. We submitted a modification of the UDPipe 2.0, one of best-performing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Milan Straka , Jana Straková , Jan Hajič

The Transformer architecture is superior to RNN-based models in computational efficiency. Recently, GPT and BERT demonstrate the efficacy of Transformer models on various NLP tasks using pre-trained language models on large-scale corpora.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Chenguang Wang , Mu Li , Alexander J. Smola

We propose a new class of linear Transformers called FourierLearner-Transformers (FLTs), which incorporate a wide range of relative positional encoding mechanisms (RPEs). These include regular RPE techniques applied for sequential data, as…

Transformer has demonstrated its great power to learn contextual word representations for multiple languages in a single model. To process multilingual sentences in the model, a learnable vector is usually assigned to each language, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Shengjie Luo , Kaiyuan Gao , Shuxin Zheng , Guolin Ke , Di He , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

The NLI4CT task assesses Natural Language Inference systems in predicting whether hypotheses entail or contradict evidence from Clinical Trial Reports. In this study, we evaluate various Large Language Models (LLMs) with multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Aryo Pradipta Gema , Giwon Hong , Pasquale Minervini , Luke Daines , Beatrice Alex

This paper outlines the use of Transformer networks trained to translate math word problems to equivalent arithmetic expressions in infix, prefix, and postfix notations. We compare results produced by many neural configurations and find…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Kaden Griffith , Jugal Kalita

Large language model (LLM) has achieved promising performance in multilingual machine translation tasks through zero/few-shot prompts or prompt-tuning. However, due to the mixture of multilingual data during the pre-training of LLM, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Shaojie Dai , Xin Liu , Ping Luo , Yue Yu