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We prove a Fej\'er-Riesz type factorization for positive matrix-valued noncommutative trigonometric polynomials on $\mathscr{W}\times\mathfrak{Y}$, where $\mathscr{W}$ is either the free semigroup $\langle x \rangle_g$ or the free product…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-15 Igor Klep , Jacob Levenson , Scott McCullough

A ring has bounded factorizations if every cancellative nonunit $a \in R$ can be written as a product of atoms and there is a bound $\lambda(a)$ on the lengths of such factorizations. The bounded factorization property is one of the most…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Jason P. Bell , Ken Brown , Zahra Nazemian , Daniel Smertnig

We consider finite difference approximations of the second derivative, exemplified in Poisson's equation, the heat equation and the wave equation. The finite difference operators satisfy a summation-by-parts property, which mimics the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-10 Sofia Eriksson , Siyang Wang

We develop a bosonization procedure on the half line. Different boundary conditions, formulated in terms of the vector and axial fermion currents, are implemented by using in general the mixed boundary condition on the bosonic field. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-30 Antonio Liguori , Mihail Mintchev

This paper considers a restriction to non-negative matrix factorization in which at least one matrix factor is stochastic. That is, the elements of the matrix factors are non-negative and the columns of one matrix factor sum to 1. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-20 Christopher Adams

We present the heavy-to-light form factors with two different non-vanishing masses at next-to-next-to-leading order and study its expansion in the small mass. The leading term of this small-mass expansion leads to a factorized expression…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-03-15 T. Engel , C. Gnendiger , A. Signer , Y. Ulrich

The traditional method of factorization can be used to obtain only the particular solutions of the Li\'enard type ordinary differential equations. We suggest a modification of the approach that can be used to construct general solutions .…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-02-13 Swapan K. Ghosh , Debabrata Pal , Aparna Saha , Benoy Talukdar

The normalized factorial moments $F_q$ are continued to noninteger values of the order $q$, satisfying the condition that the statistical fluctuations remain filtered out. That is, for Poisson distribution $F_q = 1$ for all $q$. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 R. C. Hwa

Factorization of the differential expansion coefficients for HOMFLY-PT polynomials of double braids, discovered in arXiv:1606.06015 in the case of rectangular representations $R$, is extended to the first non-rectangular representations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-04-26 A. Morozov

We study the non-uniqueness of factorizations of non zero-divisors into atoms (irreducibles) in noncommutative rings. To do so, we extend concepts from the commutative theory of non-unique factorizations to a noncommutative setting. Several…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-09-03 Nicholas R. Baeth , Daniel Smertnig

Based on a theorem of Bergman we show that multivariate noncommutative polynomial factorization is deterministic polynomial-time reducible to the factorization of bivariate noncommutative polynomials. More precisely, we show the following:…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-03-13 V. Arvind , Pushkar S. Joglekar

In this work, for an equation of high even order with a fractional derivative in the sense of Caputo, a problem is studied in a rectangular domain with conjugation conditions. A criterion for the uniqueness of a solution is given. The…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-06-09 B. Yu. Irgashev

Just as knowing some roots of a polynomial allows one to factor it, a well-known result provides a factorization of any scalar differential operator given a set of linearly independent functions in its kernel. This note provides a…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-09-18 Alex Kasman

We consider nonlinear optimization problems with cardinality constraints. Based on a continuous reformulation we introduce second order necessary and sufficient optimality conditions. Under such a second order condition, we can guarantee…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Max Bucher , Alexandra Schwartz

We develop a well-posedness theory for second order systems in bounded domains where boundary phenomena like glancing and surface waves play an important role. Attempts have previously been made to write a second order system consisting of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2010-12-08 Heinz-Otto Kreiss , Omar E. Ortiz , N. Anders Petersson

We study the number of factorizations of a positive integer, where the parts of the factorization are of l different colors (or kinds). Recursive or explicit formulas are derived for the case of unordered and ordered, distinct and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Jacob Sprittulla

This paper deals with reduction of non-homogeneous linear systems of first order operator equations with constant coefficients. An equivalent reduced system, consisting of higher order linear operator equations having only one variable and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2010-04-22 Branko Malesevic , Dragana Todoric , Ivana Jovovic , Sonja Telebakovic

We show that any nonclassicality criterion based on factorial moments, including several higher-order parameters such as the Mandel $Q^{(\ell)}$ parameter, the Lee antibunching function $d^{(\ell-1)}_h$, and the Agarwal--Tara parameter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Jhordan Santiago

The factorisation method commonly used in linear supersymmetric quantum mechanics is extended, such that it can be applied to nonlinear quantum mechanical systems. The new method is distinguishable from the linear formalism, as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-25 Rosie Hayward , Fabio Biancalana

When solving large scale semidefinite programs that admit a low-rank solution, an efficient heuristic is the Burer-Monteiro factorization: instead of optimizing over the full matrix, one optimizes over its low-rank factors. This reduces the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-15 Irène Waldspurger , Alden Waters