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Direct electron detectors in scanning transmission electron microscopy give unprecedented possibilities for structure analysis at the nanoscale. In electronic and quantum materials, this new capability gives access to, for example, emergent…

Weakly coupled ferroelectric/dielectric superlattice thin film heterostructures exhibit complex nanoscale polarization configurations that arise from a balance of competing electrostatic, elastic, and domain-wall contributions to the free…

The wealth of complex polar topologies recently found in nanoscale ferroelectrics result from a delicate balance between the materials intrinsic tendency to develop a homogeneous polarization and the electric and mechanic boundary…

Controlling the Mott transition through strain engineering is crucial for advancing the development and application of memristive and neuromorphic computing devices. Yet, Mott insulators are heterogeneous due to intrinsic phase boundaries…

Nanoscale phase coexistence and inhomogeneity are ubiquitous in correlated electron materials, existing in doped Mott insulators, manganites, and high-temperature superconductors. The small length scales and lack of contrast mechanisms make…

Visualization of internal deformation fields in crystalline materials helps bridge the gap between theoretical models and practical applications. Applying Bragg coherent diffraction imaging under X-ray dynamical diffraction conditions…

Ferroelectric thin films present a powerful platform for next generation computing and memory applications. However, domain morphology and dynamics in buried ferroelectric stacks have remained underexplored, despite the importance for real…

Extraordinary physical properties arise at polar interfaces in oxide materials, including the emergence of two-dimensional electron gases, sheet-superconductivity, and multiferroicity. A special type of polar interface are ferroelectric…

Nanoscale topological polar textures promise new functionalities for ferroelectric memories and logic, yet their three-dimensional structure and mesoscale organization remain experimentally inaccessible. Here we introduce depth-resolved…

Technology moves towards ever faster switching between different electronic and magnetic states of matter. Manipulating properties at terahertz rates requires accessing the intrinsic timescales of electrons (femtoseconds) and associated…

Polar metals, materials in which electric polarisation and metallicity coexist, are exceptionally rare because itinerant electrons screen long-range dipoles and favour centrosymmetric structures. Engineering polar textures in a conducting…

Polar topological structures in ferroelectric thin films have recently drawn significant interest due to their fascinating physical behaviors and promising applications in high-density nonvolatile memories. However, most polar topological…

Symmetry-lowering structural phase transitions result in multiple degenerate structures whose coexistence is determined by macroscopic strain compatibility. In quantum materials, these structural transformations often couple to electronic…

Functional properties of ferroelectric thin films are governed by domains that can be engineered by epitaxial strain. Soft X-ray microscopy can image domain structures with elemental and electronic sensitivity, but hitherto its application…

Nanobeam electron diffraction can probe local structural properties of complex crystalline materials including phase, orientation, tilt, strain, and polarization. Ideally, each diffraction pattern from a projected area of a few unit cells…

Biosensing with ferromagnet-based magnetoresistive devices has been dominated by electrical detection of particle-induced changes to the devices' static magnetic configuration. There are however potential advantages to be gained from using…

Coherent diffraction imaging enables the imaging of individual defects, such as dislocations or stacking faults, in materials.These defects and their surrounding elastic strain fields have a critical influence on the macroscopic properties…

Antiferromagnets hosting real-space topological spin textures are promising platforms to model fundamental ultrafast phenomena and explore spintronics. However, to date, they have only been fabricated epitaxially on specific…

Scanning X-ray nanodiffraction microscopy is a powerful technique for spatially resolving nanoscale structural morphologies by diffraction contrast. One of the critical challenges in experimental nanodiffraction data analysis is posed by…

Phase transitions are key in determining and controlling the quantum properties of correlated materials. Here, by using the powerful combination of precise material synthesis and angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, we show evidence…