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Ensemble weather predictions require statistical post-processing of systematic errors to obtain reliable and accurate probabilistic forecasts. Traditionally, this is accomplished with distributional regression models in which the parameters…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-01 Stephan Rasp , Sebastian Lerch

State-of-the-art weather forecasts usually rely on ensemble prediction systems, accounting for the different sources of uncertainty. As ensembles are typically uncalibrated, they should get statistically postprocessed. Several multivariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-21 Roman Schefzik

Ensemble forecast post-processing is a necessary step in producing accurate probabilistic forecasts. Conventional post-processing methods operate by estimating the parameters of a parametric distribution, frequently on a per-location or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Peter Mlakar , Janko Merše , Jana Faganeli Pucer

Statistical postprocessing is used to translate ensembles of raw numerical weather forecasts into reliable probabilistic forecast distributions. In this study, we examine the use of permutation-invariant neural networks for this task. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-22 Kevin Höhlein , Benedikt Schulz , Rüdiger Westermann , Sebastian Lerch

Postprocessing ensemble weather predictions to correct systematic errors has become a standard practice in research and operations. However, only few recent studies have focused on ensemble postprocessing of wind gust forecasts, despite its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-14 Benedikt Schulz , Sebastian Lerch

To quantify the uncertainty in numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecasts, ensemble prediction systems are utilized. Although NWP forecasts continuously improve, they suffer from systematic bias and dispersion errors. To obtain well…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-30 Ferdinand Buchner , David Jobst , Annette Möller , Claudia Czado

By the end of 2021, the renewable energy share of the global electricity capacity reached 38.3% and the new installations are dominated by wind and solar energy, showing global increases of 12.7% and 18.5%, respectively. However, both wind…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-18 Ágnes Baran , Sándor Baran

Quantifying uncertainty in weather forecasts is critical, especially for predicting extreme weather events. This is typically accomplished with ensemble prediction systems, which consist of many perturbed numerical weather simulations, or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Peter Grönquist , Chengyuan Yao , Tal Ben-Nun , Nikoli Dryden , Peter Dueben , Shigang Li , Torsten Hoefler

Ensemble forecasting systems have advanced meteorology by providing probabilistic estimates of future states. Nonetheless, systematic biases often persist, making statistical post-processing essential. Traditional parametric post-processing…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-17 Mária Lakatos

Seasonal climate predictions support planning and risk management by offering early information of the most likely-to-occur climate conditions in the coming months, and associated uncertainties. Ensemble forecasts enable this by simulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso

The reliable estimation of forecast uncertainties is crucial for risk-sensitive optimal decision making. In this paper, we propose implicit generative ensemble post-processing, a novel framework for multivariate probabilistic electricity…

Applications · Statistics 2020-11-16 Tim Janke , Florian Steinke

As a key component of power system production simulation, load forecasting is critical for the stable operation of power systems. Machine learning methods prevail in this field. However, the limited training data can be a challenge. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-18 Linna Xu , Yongli Zhu

Sub-seasonal weather forecasts are becoming increasingly important for a range of socio-economic activities. However, the predictive ability of physical weather models is very limited on these time scales. We propose several post-processing…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-06-29 Nina Horat , Sebastian Lerch

Nowadays, weather forecasts are commonly generated by ensemble forecasts based on multiple runs of numerical weather prediction models. However, such forecasts are usually miscalibrated and/or biased, thus require statistical…

Applications · Statistics 2024-12-13 David Jobst

Accurate and reliable forecasting of photovoltaic (PV) power generation is crucial for grid operations, electricity markets, and energy planning, as solar systems now contribute a significant share of the electricity supply in many…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-22 Martin János Mayer , Ágnes Baran , Sebastian Lerch , Nina Horat , Dazhi Yang , Sándor Baran

Meteorological ensembles are a collection of scenarios for future weather delivered by a meteorological center. Such ensembles form the main source of valuable information for probabilistic forecasting which aims at producing a predictive…

Applications · Statistics 2019-03-07 Marie Courbariaux , Pierre Barbillon , Luc Perreault , Éric Parent

An influential step in weather forecasting was the introduction of ensemble forecasts in operational use due to their capability to account for the uncertainties in the future state of the atmosphere. However, ensemble weather forecasts are…

Applications · Statistics 2023-05-25 Mária Lakatos , Sebastian Lerch , Stephan Hemri , Sándor Baran

Uncertainty quantification is crucial to decision-making. A prominent example is probabilistic forecasting in numerical weather prediction. The dominant approach to representing uncertainty in weather forecasting is to generate an ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Lizao Li , Rob Carver , Ignacio Lopez-Gomez , Fei Sha , John Anderson

In this work, we propose a simulation-based estimation approach using generative neural networks to determine dependencies of precipitation maxima and their underlying uncertainty in time and space. Within the common framework of max-stable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-01 Christopher Bülte , Lisa Leimenstoll , Melanie Schienle

Ensemble weather forecasts enable a measure of uncertainty to be attached to each forecast, by computing the ensemble's spread. However, generating an ensemble with a good spread-error relationship is far from trivial, and a wide range of…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Sebastian Scher , Gabriele Messori
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