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Related papers: Human alignment of neural network representations

200 papers

Understanding specifically where a model focuses on within an image is critical for human interpretability of the decision-making process. Deep learning-based solutions are prone to learning coincidental correlations in training datasets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Aidan Boyd , Mohamed Trabelsi , Huseyin Uzunalioglu , Dan Kushnir

Large language models encode knowledge in various domains and demonstrate the ability to understand visualizations. They may also capture visualization design knowledge and potentially help reduce the cost of formative studies. However, it…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zekai Shao , Yi Shan , Yixuan He , Yuxuan Yao , Junhong Wang , Xiaolong , Zhang , Yu Zhang , Siming Chen

By comparing biological and artificial perception through the lens of illusions, we highlight critical differences in how each system constructs visual reality. Understanding these divergences can inform the development of more robust,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jianyi Yang , Junyi Ye , Ankan Dash , Guiling Wang

The extent to which different biological and artificial neural systems rely on equivalent internal representations to support similar tasks remains a central question in neuroscience and machine learning. Prior work typically compares…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jialin Wu , Shreya Saha , Yiqing Bo , Meenakshi Khosla

Object recognition is a primary function of the human visual system. It has recently been claimed that the highly successful ability to recognise objects in a set of emergent computer vision systems---Deep Convolutional Neural Networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Ben Lonnqvist , Alasdair D. F. Clarke , Ramakrishna Chakravarthi

The learning mechanisms by which humans acquire internal representations of objects are not fully understood. Deep neural networks (DNNs) have emerged as a useful tool for investigating this question, as they have internal representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Soh Takahashi , Masaru Sasaki , Ken Takeda , Masafumi Oizumi

While recent deep neural networks have achieved a promising performance on object recognition, they rely implicitly on the visual contents of the whole image. In this paper, we train deep neural net- works on the foreground (object) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Zhuotun Zhu , Lingxi Xie , Alan L. Yuille

To study how mental object representations are related to behavior, we estimated sparse, non-negative representations of objects using human behavioral judgments on images representative of 1,854 object categories. These representations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-11 Charles Y. Zheng , Francisco Pereira , Chris I. Baker , Martin N. Hebart

Predicting human perceptual similarity is a challenging subject of ongoing research. The visual process underlying this aspect of human vision is thought to employ multiple different levels of visual analysis (shapes, objects, texture,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Amir Rosenfeld , Richard Zemel , John K. Tsotsos

As modern deep networks become more complex, and get closer to human-like capabilities in certain domains, the question arises of how the representations and decision rules they learn compare to the ones in humans. In this work, we study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Ishita Dasgupta , Demi Guo , Samuel J. Gershman , Noah D. Goodman

The representations of neural networks are often compared to those of biological systems by performing regression between the neural network responses and those measured from biological systems. Many different state-of-the-art deep neural…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-13 Abdulkadir Canatar , Jenelle Feather , Albert Wakhloo , SueYeon Chung

To humans, a robin seems more like a bird than a bird seems like a robin, but does this asymmetry also hold for machine vision? Humans and modern vision models can match each other in accuracy while making systematically different kinds of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Leyla Roksan Caglar , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Baihan Lin

Modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are able to achieve human-level object classification accuracy on specific tasks, and currently outperform competing models in explaining complex human visual representations. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Joshua C. Peterson , Paul Soulos , Aida Nematzadeh , Thomas L. Griffiths

Perceptual judgment of image similarity by humans relies on rich internal representations ranging from low-level features to high-level concepts, scene properties and even cultural associations. However, existing methods and datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-22 Amir Rosenfeld , Markus D. Solbach , John K. Tsotsos

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) give state of the art performance in many pattern recognition problems but can be fooled by carefully crafted patterns of noise. We report that CNN face recognition systems also make surprising "errors".…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-24 P. J. B. Hancock , R. S. Somai , V. R. Mileva

Understanding action correspondence between humans and robots is essential for evaluating alignment in decision-making, particularly in human-robot collaboration and imitation learning within unstructured environments. We propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Azizul Zahid , Jie Fan , Farong Wang , Ashton Dy , Sai Swaminathan , Fei Liu

The project of aligning machine behavior with human values raises a basic problem: whose moral expectations should guide AI decision-making? Much alignment research assumes that the appropriate benchmark is how humans themselves would act…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Benjamin Minhao Chen , Xinyu Xie

Modular neural networks outperform nonmodular neural networks on tasks ranging from visual question answering to robotics. These performance improvements are thought to be due to modular networks' superior ability to model the compositional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Akhilan Boopathy , Sunshine Jiang , William Yue , Jaedong Hwang , Abhiram Iyer , Ila Fiete

Instruction-tuning is a widely adopted finetuning method that enables large language models (LLMs) to generate output that more closely resembles human responses. However, no studies have shown that instruction-tuning actually teaches LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Khai Loong Aw , Syrielle Montariol , Badr AlKhamissi , Martin Schrimpf , Antoine Bosselut

Large language models are powerful systems that excel at many tasks, ranging from translation to mathematical reasoning. Yet, at the same time, these models often show unhuman-like characteristics. In the present paper, we address this gap…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Marcel Binz , Eric Schulz