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Popularity bias and positivity bias are two prominent sources of bias in recommender systems. Both arise from input data, propagate through recommendation models, and lead to unfair or suboptimal outcomes. Popularity bias occurs when a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Masoud Mansoury , Jin Huang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Herke van Hoof , Maarten de Rijke

The general aim of the recommender system is to provide personalized suggestions to users, which is opposed to suggesting popular items. However, the normal training paradigm, i.e., fitting a recommender model to recover the user behavior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Tianxin Wei , Fuli Feng , Jiawei Chen , Ziwei Wu , Jinfeng Yi , Xiangnan He

Selection bias is prevalent in the data for training and evaluating recommendation systems with explicit feedback. For example, users tend to rate items they like. However, when rating an item concerning a specific user, most of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Weishen Pan , Sen Cui , Hongyi Wen , Kun Chen , Changshui Zhang , Fei Wang

Implicit feedback is widely leveraged in recommender systems since it is easy to collect and provides weak supervision signals. Recent works reveal a huge gap between the implicit feedback and user-item relevance due to the fact that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Can Chen , Chen Ma , Xi Chen , Sirui Song , Hao Liu , Xue Liu

What we discover and see online, and consequently our opinions and decisions, are becoming increasingly affected by automated machine learned predictions. Similarly, the predictive accuracy of learning machines heavily depends on the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Sami Khenissi , Olfa Nasraoui

Embedding models, which learn latent representations of users and items based on user-item interaction patterns, are a key component of recommendation systems. In many applications, contextual constraints need to be applied to refine…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Syrine Krichene , Mike Gartrell , Clement Calauzenes

Global popularity (GP) bias is the phenomenon that popular items are recommended much more frequently than they should be, which goes against the goal of providing personalized recommendations and harms user experience and recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Wentao Ning , Reynold Cheng , Xiao Yan , Ben Kao , Nan Huo , Nur AI Hasan Haldar , Bo Tang

Industry-scale recommendation systems have become a cornerstone of the e-commerce shopping experience. For Etsy, an online marketplace with over 50 million handmade and vintage items, users come to rely on personalized recommendations to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-12-12 Xiaoting Zhao , Raphael Louca , Diane Hu , Liangjie Hong

Recently there has been a growing interest in fairness-aware recommender systems including fairness in providing consistent performance across different users or groups of users. A recommender system could be considered unfair if the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Himan Abdollahpouri , Masoud Mansoury , Robin Burke , Bamshad Mobasher

Generally speaking, the model training for recommender systems can be based on two types of data, namely explicit feedback and implicit feedback. Moreover, because of its general availability, we see wide adoption of implicit feedback data,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Yi Ren , Hongyan Tang , Jiangpeng Rong , Siwen Zhu

Recommender Systems have proliferated as general-purpose approaches to model a wide variety of consumer interaction data. Specific instances make use of signals ranging from user feedback, item relationships, geographic locality, social…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Wang-Cheng Kang , Mengting Wan , Julian McAuley

The issue of popularity bias -- where popular items are disproportionately recommended, overshadowing less popular but potentially relevant items -- remains a significant challenge in recommender systems. Recent advancements have seen the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jan Malte Lichtenberg , Alexander Buchholz , Pola Schwöbel

Item recommendation task predicts a personalized ranking over a set of items for each individual user. One paradigm is the rating-based methods that concentrate on explicit feedbacks and hence face the difficulties in collecting them.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Guang-Neng Hu , Xin-Yu Dai

This paper jointly addresses the problem of data uncertainty, popularity bias, and exposure bias in session-based recommender systems. We study the symptoms of this bias both in item embeddings and in recommendations. We propose treating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Klaudia Balcer , Piotr Lipinski

Large-scale industrial recommendation models predict the most relevant items from catalogs containing millions or billions of options. To train these models efficiently, a small set of irrelevant items (negative samples) is selected from…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Arushi Prakash , Dimitrios Bermperidis , Srivas Chennu

Information retrieval systems, such as online marketplaces, news feeds, and search engines, are ubiquitous in today's digital society. They facilitate information discovery by ranking retrieved items on predicted relevance, i.e. likelihood…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-16 Rina Friedberg , Karthik Rajkumar , Jialiang Mao , Qian Yao , YinYin Yu , Min Liu

Collaborative Filtering (CF) typically suffers from the significant challenge of popularity bias due to the uneven distribution of items in real-world datasets. This bias leads to a significant accuracy gap between popular and unpopular…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Miaomiao Cai , Lei Chen , Yifan Wang , Haoyue Bai , Peijie Sun , Le Wu , Min Zhang , Meng Wang

Point-of-Interest (POI) recommender systems provide personalized recommendations to users and help businesses attract potential customers. Despite their success, recent studies suggest that highly data-driven recommendations could be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Hossein A. Rahmani , Yashar Deldjoo , Ali Tourani , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei

User preferences for items can be inferred from either explicit feedback, such as item ratings, or implicit feedback, such as rental histories. Research in collaborative filtering has concentrated on explicit feedback, resulting in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Andriy Mnih , Yee Whye Teh

Precise user and item embedding learning is the key to building a successful recommender system. Traditionally, Collaborative Filtering(CF) provides a way to learn user and item embeddings from the user-item interaction history. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Le Wu , Peijie Sun , Yanjie Fu , Richang Hong , Xiting Wang , Meng Wang