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Related papers: Towards understanding CG and GMRES through example…

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The GMRES algorithm of Saad and Schultz (1986) is an iterative method for approximately solving linear systems $A{\bf x}={\bf b}$, with initial guess ${\bf x}_0$ and residual ${\bf r}_0 = {\bf b} - A{\bf x}_0$. The algorithm employs the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-22 Stephen Thomas , Erin Carson , Miro Rozložník , Arielle Carr , Kasia Świrydowicz

Conjugate Gradient (CG) methods are one of the most effective iterative methods to solve linear equations in Hilbert spaces. So far, they have been inherently bound to these spaces since they make use of the inner product structure. In more…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Frederik Heber , Frank Schöpfer , Thomas Schuster

Brown and Walker (1997) showed that GMRES determines a least squares solution of $ A x = b $ where $ A \in {\bf R}^{n \times n} $ without breakdown for arbitrary $ b, x_0 \in {\bf R}^n $ if and only if $A$ is range-symmetric, i.e. $ {\cal…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Kota Sugihara , Ken Hayami

CG, SYMMLQ, and MINRES are Krylov subspace methods for solving symmetric systems of linear equations. When these methods are applied to an incompatible system (that is, a singular symmetric least-squares problem), CG could break down and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-30 Sou-Cheng T. Choi , Christopher C. Paige , Michael A. Saunders

With the emergence of mixed precision capabilities in hardware, iterative refinement schemes for solving linear systems $Ax=b$ have recently been revisited and reanalyzed in the context of three or more precisions. These new analyses show…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-17 Eda Oktay , Erin Carson

We consider iterative methods for solving linear ill-posed problems with compact operator and right-hand side only available via noise-polluted measurements. Conjugate gradients (CG) applied to the normal equations with an appropriate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Daniel Gerth , Kirk M. Soodhalter

For the large-scale linear discrete ill-posed problem $\min\|Ax-b\|$ or $Ax=b$ with $b$ contaminated by Gaussian white noise, the Lanczos bidiagonalization based Krylov solver LSQR and its mathematically equivalent CGLS, the Conjugate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-20 Zhongxiao Jia

Krylov subspace methods, such as the Conjugate Gradient (CG) and BiCGSTAB methods, are widely used in scientific computing for solving linear systems. In this study, we propose a new framework for solving large Sylvester equations in a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Yuki Satake , Takeshi Fukaya , Tomohiro Sogabe , Shao-Liang Zhang

Since numbers in the computer are represented with a fixed number of bits, loss of accuracy during calculation is unavoidable. At high precision where more bits (e.g. 64) are allocated to each number, round-off errors are typically small.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Yizhou Chen , Xiaoyun Gong , Xiang Ji

The efficient solution of large-scale multiterm linear matrix equations is a challenging task in numerical linear algebra, and it is a largely open problem. We propose a new iterative scheme for symmetric and positive definite operators,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Davide Palitta , Martina Iannacito , Valeria Simoncini

A coarse grid correction (CGC) approach is proposed to enhance the efficiency of the matrix exponential and $\varphi$ matrix function evaluations. The approach is intended for iterative methods computing the matrix-vector products with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-23 Mike A. Botchev

In recent years two Krylov subspace methods have been proposed for solving skew symmetric linear systems, one based on the minimum residual condition, the other on the Galerkin condition. We give new, algorithm-independent proofs that in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-12-02 Stanley C. Eisenstat

Consider using the right-preconditioned GMRES (AB-GMRES) for obtaining the minimum-norm solution of inconsistent underdetermined systems of linear equations. Morikuni (Ph.D. thesis, 2013) showed that for some inconsistent and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Zeyu Liao , Ken Hayami , Keiichi Morikuni , Jun-Feng Yin

Krylov subspace methods are among the most efficient solvers for large scale linear algebra problems. Nevertheless, classic Krylov subspace algorithms do not scale well on massively parallel hardware due to synchronization bottlenecks.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Jeffrey Cornelis , Siegfried Cools , Wim Vanroose

The residual cutting (RC) method has been proposed for efficiently solving linear equations obtained from elliptic partial differential equations. Based on the RC, we have introduced the generalized residual cutting (GRC) method, which can…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Toshihiko Abe , Anthony Theodore Chronopoulos

Krylov subspace methods for solving linear systems of equations involving skew-symmetric matrices have gained recent attention. Numerical equivalences among Krylov subspace methods for nonsingular skew-symmetric linear systems have been…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Kui Du , Jia-Jun Fan , Xiao-Hui Sun , Fang Wang , Ya-Lan Zhang

Krylov subspace methods are an essential building block in numerical simulation software. The efficient utilization of modern hardware is a challenging problem in the development of these methods. In this work, we develop Krylov subspace…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Nils-Arne Dreier

Enlarged Krylov subspace methods and their s-step versions were introduced [7] in the aim of reducing communication when solving systems of linear equations Ax = b. These enlarged CG methods consist of enlarging the Krylov subspace by a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Sophie M. Moufawad

The conjugate gradient method (CG) has long been the workhorse for inner-iterations of second-order algorithms for large-scale nonconvex optimization. Prominent examples include line-search based algorithms, e.g., Newton-CG, and those based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Yang Liu , Fred Roosta

This paper presents novel methodologies for the numerical simulation of scattering of elastic waves by both closed and open surfaces in three-dimensional space. The proposed approach utilizes new integral formulations as well as an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Oscar P. Bruno , Tao Yin