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Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a non-negative matrix $X$ by a product of two non-negative low-rank factor matrices $W$ and $H$. NMF and its extensions minimize either the Kullback-Leibler divergence or the Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-07-17 Naiyang Guan , Dacheng Tao , Zhigang Luo , John Shawe-Taylor

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) factorizes a non-negative matrix into product of two non-negative matrices, namely a signal matrix and a mixing matrix. NMF suffers from the scale and ordering ambiguities. Often, the source signals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Nirav Bhatt , Arun Ayyar

Matrix factorization techniques have been widely used as a method for collaborative filtering for recommender systems. In recent times, different variants of deep learning algorithms have been explored in this setting to improve the task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Vaibhav Krishna , Tian Guo , Nino Antulov-Fantulin

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), a special but important class of the general NMF, is demonstrated to be useful for data analysis and in particular for various clustering tasks. Unfortunately, designing fast algorithms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Zhihui Zhu , Xiao Li , Kai Liu , Qiuwei Li

There are two problems need to be dealt with for Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF): choose a suitable rank of the factorization and provide a good initialization method for NMF algorithms. This paper aims to solve these two problems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-13 Hanli Qiao

In the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) problem, the input is an $m\times n$ matrix $M$ with non-negative entries and the goal is to factorize it as $M\approx AW$. The $m\times k$ matrix $A$ and the $k\times n$ matrix $W$ are both…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Moses Charikar , Lunjia Hu

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (symNMF) is a variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that allows to handle symmetric input matrices and has been shown to be particularly well suited for clustering tasks. In this paper,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-11 François Moutier , Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a nonnegative matrix, $X$, by the product of two nonnegative factors, $WH$, where $W$ has $r$ columns and $H$ has $r$ rows. In this paper, we consider NMF using the component-wise L1 norm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Giovanni Seraghiti , Kévin Dubrulle , Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis

In this paper, we design a hierarchical clustering algorithm for high-resolution hyperspectral images. At the core of the algorithm, a new rank-two nonnegative matrix factorizations (NMF) algorithm is used to split the clusters, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-02-18 Nicolas Gillis , Da Kuang , Haesun Park

Positive semidefinite matrix factorization (PSDMF) expresses each entry of a nonnegative matrix as the inner product of two positive semidefinite (psd) matrices. When all these psd matrices are constrained to be diagonal, this model is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 Dana Lahat , Yanbin Lang , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Cédric Févotte

Dimensionality reduction (DR) of image features plays an important role in image retrieval and classification tasks. Recently, two types of methods have been proposed to improve the both the accuracy and efficiency for the dimensionality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Yao Nan , Qian Feng , Sun Zuolei

We propose a flexible and theoretically supported framework for scalable nonnegative matrix factorization. The goal is to find nonnegative low-rank components directly from compressed measurements, accessing the original data only once or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Abraar Chaudhry , Elizaveta Rebrova

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is an important tool in signal processing and widely used to separate mixed sources into their components. Algorithms for NMF require that the user choose the number of components in advance, and if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Youdong Guo , Timothy E. Holy

A recent theoretical analysis shows the equivalence between non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) and spectral clustering based approach to subspace clustering. As NMF and many of its variants are essentially linear, we introduce a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-08 Dijana Tolic , Nino Antulov-Fantulin , Ivica Kopriva

Determining the appropriate rank in Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a critical challenge that often requires extensive parameter tuning and domain-specific knowledge. Traditional methods for rank determination focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Marc A. Tunnell , Zachary J. DeBruine , Erin Carrier

Using nonnegative/binary matrix factorization (NBMF), a matrix can be decomposed into a nonnegative matrix and a binary matrix. Our analysis of facial images, based on NBMF and using the Fujitsu Digital Annealer, leads to successful image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Hinako Asaoka , Kazue Kudo

Over the past few years, there has been a considerable spread of microarray technology in many biological patterns, particularly in those pertaining to cancer diseases like leukemia, prostate, colon cancer, etc. The primary bottleneck that…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-20 Parth Patel , Kalpdrum Passi , Chakresh Kumar Jain

This paper considers nonlinear dynamic models where the main parameter of interest is a nonnegative matrix characterizing the network (contagion) effects. This network matrix is usually constrained either by assuming a limited number of…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-11-23 Christian Gourieroux , Joann Jasiak

Recommender systems are a kind of data filtering that guides the user to interesting and valuable resources within an extensive dataset. by providing suggestions of products that are expected to match their preferences. However, due to data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Sajida Mhammedi , Hakim El Massari , Noreddine Gherabi , Amnai Mohamed

Due to the iterative nature of most nonnegative matrix factorization (\textsc{NMF}) algorithms, initialization is a key aspect as it significantly influences both the convergence and the final solution obtained. Many initialization schemes…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Atif Muhammad Syed , Sameer Qazi , Nicolas Gillis