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We present a novel task and dataset for evaluating the ability of vision and language models to conduct visio-linguistic compositional reasoning, which we call Winoground. Given two images and two captions, the goal is to match them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tristan Thrush , Ryan Jiang , Max Bartolo , Amanpreet Singh , Adina Williams , Douwe Kiela , Candace Ross

Vision-language models such as CLIP have shown impressive capabilities in encoding texts and images into aligned embeddings, enabling the retrieval of multimodal data in a shared embedding space. However, these embedding-based models still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Timothy Ossowski , Ming Jiang , Junjie Hu

Despite recent progress towards scaling up multimodal vision-language models, these models are still known to struggle on compositional generalization benchmarks such as Winoground. We find that a critical component lacking from current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Rohan Pandey , Rulin Shao , Paul Pu Liang , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Understanding images and text together is an important aspect of cognition and building advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. As a community, we have achieved good benchmarks over language and vision domains separately, however…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

What is sentence meaning and its ideal representation? Much of the expressive power of human language derives from semantic composition, the mind's ability to represent meaning hierarchically & relationally over constituents. At the same…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Rohan Pandey

We introduce a new dataset for joint reasoning about natural language and images, with a focus on semantic diversity, compositionality, and visual reasoning challenges. The data contains 107,292 examples of English sentences paired with web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Alane Suhr , Stephanie Zhou , Ally Zhang , Iris Zhang , Huajun Bai , Yoav Artzi

Visual imagery does not consist of solitary objects, but instead reflects the composition of a multitude of fluid concepts. While there have been great advances in visual representation learning, such advances have focused on building…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Austin Stone , Hagen Soltau , Robert Geirhos , Xi Yi , Ye Xia , Bingyi Cao , Kaifeng Chen , Abhijit Ogale , Jonathon Shlens

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in a large number of downstream tasks. Nonetheless, compositional image understanding remains a rather difficult task due to the object bias present in training data. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Matteo Nulli , Anesa Ibrahimi , Avik Pal , Hoshe Lee , Ivona Najdenkoska

In this paper, we explore the potential of visual in-context learning to enable a single model to handle multiple tasks and adapt to new tasks during test time without re-training. Unlike previous approaches, our focus is on training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Simon Reiß , Zdravko Marinov , Alexander Jaus , Constantin Seibold , M. Saquib Sarfraz , Erik Rodner , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Image captioning models are usually evaluated on their ability to describe a held-out set of images, not on their ability to generalize to unseen concepts. We study the problem of compositional generalization, which measures how well a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Mitja Nikolaus , Mostafa Abdou , Matthew Lamm , Rahul Aralikatte , Desmond Elliott

There has been growing sentiment recently that modern large multimodal models (LMMs) have addressed most of the key challenges related to short video comprehension. As a result, both academia and industry are gradually shifting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Jianrui Zhang , Mu Cai , Yong Jae Lee

Humans perceive and comprehend different visual properties of an object based on specific contexts. For instance, we know that a banana turns brown ``when it becomes rotten,'' whereas it appears green ``when it is unripe.'' Previous studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Woojeong Jin , Tejas Srinivasan , Jesse Thomason , Xiang Ren

Vision and Language (VL) models offer an effective method for aligning representation spaces of images and text, leading to numerous applications such as cross-modal retrieval, visual question answering, captioning, and more. However, the…

Recent work has empirically shown that Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle to fully understand the compositional properties of the human language, usually modeling an image caption as a "bag of words". As a result, they perform poorly on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Fiorenzo Parascandolo , Nicholas Moratelli , Enver Sangineto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable performance in integrating visual and textual information for tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, these models struggle with compositional generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Ashwath Vaithinathan Aravindan , Abha Jha , Mihir Kulkarni

Temporal grounding is the task of locating a specific segment from an untrimmed video according to a query sentence. This task has achieved significant momentum in the computer vision community as it enables activity grounding beyond…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Linchao Zhu , Wenqiao Zhang , Yi Yang , Tat-Seng Chua , Fei Wu , Yueting Zhuang

The advent of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) has significantly advanced multimodal tasks, enabling more sophisticated and accurate reasoning across various applications, including image and video captioning, visual question answering,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Hang Hua , Qing Liu , Lingzhi Zhang , Jing Shi , Zhifei Zhang , Yilin Wang , Jianming Zhang , Jiebo Luo

Deriving inference from heterogeneous inputs (such as images, text, and audio) is an important skill for humans to perform day-to-day tasks. A similar ability is desirable for the development of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Mutsumi Nakamura , Shankar Kailas , Kartik Aggarwal , Mandy Zhou , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Visual grounding is a ubiquitous building block in many vision-language tasks and yet remains challenging due to large variations in visual and linguistic features of grounding entities, strong context effect and the resulting semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Yongfei Liu , Bo Wan , Xiaodan Zhu , Xuming He

Image-text matching has been a hot research topic bridging the vision and language areas. It remains challenging because the current representation of image usually lacks global semantic concepts as in its corresponding text caption. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Kunpeng Li , Yulun Zhang , Kai Li , Yuanyuan Li , Yun Fu
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