Related papers: Counterfactual Causality in Networks
Complex networked systems can be modeled and represented as graphs, with nodes representing the agents and the links describing the dynamic coupling between them. The fundamental objective of network identification for dynamic systems is to…
Causal inference analysis is the estimation of the effects of actions on outcomes. In the context of healthcare data this means estimating the outcome of counter-factual treatments (i.e. including treatments that were not observed) on a…
Graph neural networks (GNNs) find applications in various domains such as computational biology, natural language processing, and computer security. Owing to their popularity, there is an increasing need to explain GNN predictions since…
Counterfactual explanations are emerging as an attractive option for providing recourse to individuals adversely impacted by algorithmic decisions. As they are deployed in critical applications (e.g. law enforcement, financial lending), it…
Providing explanations about how machine learning algorithms work and/or make particular predictions is one of the main tools that can be used to improve their trusworthiness, fairness and robustness. Among the most intuitive type of…
Structural data well exists in Web applications, such as social networks in social media, citation networks in academic websites, and threads data in online forums. Due to the complex topology, it is difficult to process and make use of the…
An unexpected and somewhat surprising observation is that two counter-cascaded systems, given the right conditions, can exhibit multivaluedness from one of the outputs to the other. The main result presented here is a necessary and…
The cross-pollination between causal discovery and deep learning has led to increasingly extensive interactions. It results in a large number of deep learning data types (such as images, text, etc.) extending into the field of causal…
Counterfactual explanations promote explainability in machine learning models by answering the question "how should an input instance be perturbed to obtain a desired predicted label?". The comparison of this instance before and after…
Falsification is drawing attention in quality assurance of heterogeneous systems whose complexities are beyond most verification techniques' scalability. In this paper we introduce the idea of causality aid in falsification: by providing a…
Counterfactual explanations have emerged as a prominent method in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), providing intuitive and actionable insights into Machine Learning model decisions. In contrast to other traditional feature…
In the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), counterfactual examples explain to a user the predictions of a trained decision model by indicating the modifications to be made to the instance so as to change its associated…
This paper proposes a framework based on a causal model of safety upon which effective safety assurance cases for ML-based applications can be built. In doing so, we build upon established principles of safety engineering as well as…
Information theory provides a fundamental framework for the quantification of information flows through channels, formally Markov kernels. However, quantities such as mutual information and conditional mutual information do not necessarily…
Attributing a cyber-operation through the use of multiple pieces of technical evidence (i.e., malware reverse-engineering and source tracking) and conventional intelligence sources (i.e., human or signals intelligence) is a difficult…
Dynamic networks models describe temporal interactions between social actors, and as such have been used to describe financial fraudulent transactions, dispersion of destructive invasive species across the globe, and the spread of fake…
We propose a novel approach for inferring the individualized causal effects of a treatment (intervention) from observational data. Our approach conceptualizes causal inference as a multitask learning problem; we model a subject's potential…
The design of scientific experiments deserves its own variation of formal verification to catch cases where scientists made important mistakes, such as forgetting to take confounding variables into account. One of the most fundamental…
Sophisticated machine models are increasingly used for high-stakes decisions in everyday life. There is an urgent need to develop effective explanation techniques for such automated decisions. Rule-Based Explanations have been proposed for…
Counterfactual, serving as one emerging type of model explanation, has attracted tons of attentions recently from both industry and academia. Different from the conventional feature-based explanations (e.g., attributions), counterfactuals…