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The efficacy of a communication network hinges upon both its physical architecture and the protocols that are employed within it. In the context of quantum communications, there exists a fundamental rate-loss tradeoff for point-to-point…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Cillian Harney , Stefano Pirandola

A wide variety of positioning and ranging procedures are based on repeatedly sending electromagnetic pulses through space and measuring their time of arrival. This paper shows that quantum entanglement and squeezing can be employed to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 V. Giovannetti , S. Lloyd , L. Maccone

Quantum networks provide a platform for astronomical interferometers capable of imaging faint stellar objects. In a recent work [arXiv:1809.01659], we presented a protocol that circumvents transmission losses with efficient use of quantum…

Clock synchronization is critical for maintaining low error rates in quantum key distribution. Here, we describe how a frequency mismatch between the transmitter and receiver clocks affects the quantum bit error rate in quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Loïc Millet , Boris Korzh , Rob Thew , Gianluca Boso

An essential requirement for the future of quantum communication is the capability to create undistinguishable photons at distant locations. The main challenge is to control the various sources of timing jitter in order to conserve temporal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-10 O. Landry , J. A. W. van Houwelingen , P. Aboussouan , A. Beveratos , S. Tanzilli , H. Zbinden , N. Gisin

Optical frequency combs combine ultrashort pulse duration and phase stability, making them powerful resources for high-precision ranging even when affected by atmospheric dispersion. It has been established that by classical modal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Mylenne Manrique , Ilaria Gianani , Marco Barbieri , Valentina Parigi , Nicolas Treps

Exquisite quantum control has now been achieved in small ion traps, in nitrogen-vacancy centres and in superconducting qubit clusters. We can regard such a system as a universal cell with diverse technological uses from communication to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-17 Naomi H. Nickerson , Joseph F. Fitzsimons , Simon C. Benjamin

As practical quantum networks prepare to serve an ever-expanding number of nodes, there has grown a need for advanced auxiliary classical systems that support the quantum protocols and maintain compatibility with the existing fiber-optic…

Future quantum internet applications will derive their power from the ability to share quantum information across the network. Quantum teleportation allows for the reliable transfer of quantum information between distant nodes, even in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-15 S. L. N. Hermans , M. Pompili , H. K. C. Beukers , S. Baier , J. Borregaard , R. Hanson

Bell measurements, which allow entanglement between uncorrelated distant particles, play a central role in quantum communication. Indeed sharing, measuring and creating entanglement lie at the core of various protocols, such as entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Luca Bianchi , Carlo Marconi , Giulia Guarda , Davide Bacco

We investigate the consequences of space-time being curved on space-based quantum communication protocols. We analyze tasks that require either the exchange of single photons in a certain entanglement distribution protocol or beams of light…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-24 David Edward Bruschi , Tim Ralph , Ivette Fuentes , Thomas Jennewein , Mohsen Razavi

Quantum networks, capable of transmitting arbitrary quantum states, provide a foundation for a wide range of quantum applications, including distributed quantum computing, distributed quantum sensing, and quantum communication. Photons are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Tian-Xiang Zhu , Xiao Liu , Zong-Quan Zhou , Chuan-Feng Li

We study the use of entanglement purification for quantum communication over long distances. For distances much longer than the coherence length of a corresponding noisy quantum channel, the fidelity of transmission is usually so low that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 W. Dür , H. - J. Briegel , J. I. Cirac , P. Zoller

Previous demonstrations of free-space quantum communication in daylight have been touted as significant for the development of global-scale quantum networks. Until now, no one has carefully tuned their atmospheric channel to reproduce the…

At the fundamental level, quantum communication is ultimately limited by noise. For instance, quantum signals cannot be amplified without the introduction of noise in the amplified states. Furthermore, photon loss reduces the…

We demonstrate conditional entanglement swapping, i.e. teleportation of entanglement, between time-bin qubits at the telecommunication wavelength of 1536.4 nm with high fidelity of 87\%. Our system is deployable, utilizing modular,…

Introducing quantum sensors as solution to real-world problem demands reliability and controllability outside laboratory conditions. Producers and operators ought to be assumed to have limited resources ready available for calibration, and…

To realize the Quantum Internet, quantum communications require pre-shared entanglement among quantum nodes. However, both the generation and the distribution of the maximally-entangled quantum states are inherently contaminated by quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Daryus Chandra , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Marcello Caleffi , Lajos Hanzo

Detecting coherence transfer in complex quantum networks can be challenging due to uncharacterized experimental conditions and limited system access. Here, we use static and dynamic coherence features to introduce a nonlinear criterion for…

Recently it has been shown how the use of quantum entanglement can lead to the creation of real-time communication channels whose viability can be made location dependent. Such functionality leads to new security paradigms that are not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-12 Robert A Malaney