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Causal reasoning is fundamental to human intelligence and crucial for effective decision-making in real-world environments. Despite recent advancements in large vision-language models (LVLMs), their ability to comprehend causality remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Meiqi Chen , Bo Peng , Yan Zhang , Chaochao Lu

Empathy, which is widely used in psychological counselling, is a key trait of everyday human conversations. Equipped with commonsense knowledge, current approaches to empathetic response generation focus on capturing implicit emotion within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Lanrui Wang , Jiangnan Li , Zheng Lin , Fandong Meng , Chenxu Yang , Weiping Wang , Jie Zhou

Causal induction, i.e., identifying unobservable mechanisms that lead to the observable relations among variables, has played a pivotal role in modern scientific discovery, especially in scenarios with only sparse and limited data. Humans,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Chi Zhang , Baoxiong Jia , Mark Edmonds , Song-Chun Zhu , Yixin Zhu

In knowledge-intensive tasks, especially in high-stakes domains like medicine and law, it is critical not only to retrieve relevant information but also to provide causal reasoning and explainability. Large language models (LLMs) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Hang Luo , Jian Zhang , Chujun Li

Foundation models, including vision language models, are increasingly used in automated driving to interpret scenes, recommend actions, and generate natural language explanations. However, existing evaluation methods primarily assess…

Understanding how events in a scenario causally connect with each other is important for effectively modeling and reasoning about events. But event reasoning remains a difficult challenge, and despite recent advances, Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Mahnaz Koupaee , Xueying Bai , Mudan Chen , Greg Durrett , Nathanael Chambers , Niranjan Balasubramanian

We present a conditional text generation framework that posits sentential expressions of possible causes and effects. This framework depends on two novel resources we develop in the course of this work: a very large-scale collection of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Zhongyang Li , Xiao Ding , Ting Liu , J. Edward Hu , Benjamin Van Durme

Empathetic response generation is a crucial task for creating more human-like and supportive conversational agents. However, existing methods face a core trade-off between the analytical depth of specialized models and the generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ziqi Liu , Ziyang Zhou , Yilin Li , Haiyang Zhang , Yangbin Chen

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) is having more influence on our everyday lives, it becomes important that AI-based decisions are transparent and explainable. As a consequence, the field of eXplainable AI (or XAI) has become popular in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Nils Ole Breuer , Andreas Sauter , Majid Mohammadi , Erman Acar

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) focuses on representing the entities and relations of a knowledge graph (KG) into the continuous vector spaces, which can be employed to predict the missing triples to achieve knowledge graph completion…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Yichi Zhang , Wen Zhang

In the fundamental statistics course, students are taught to remember the well-known saying: "Correlation is not Causation". Till now, statistics (i.e., correlation) have developed various successful frameworks, such as Transformer and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Ning Xu , Yifei Gao , Hongshuo Tian , Yongdong Zhang , An-An Liu

Lack of external knowledge makes empathetic dialogue systems difficult to perceive implicit emotions and learn emotional interactions from limited dialogue history. To address the above problems, we propose to leverage external knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Qintong Li , Piji Li , Zhaochun Ren , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen

Generative Recommendation (GR) has become a promising end-to-end approach with high FLOPS utilization for resource-efficient recommendation. Despite the effectiveness, we show that current GR models suffer from a critical \textbf{bias…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Xinyu Lin , Pengyuan Liu , Wenjie Wang , Yicheng Hu , Chen Xu , Fuli Feng , Qifan Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

This paper introduces a new framework for recovering causal graphs from observational data, leveraging the observation that the distribution of an effect, conditioned on its causes, remains invariant to changes in the prior distribution of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Nang Hung Nguyen , Phi Le Nguyen , Thao Nguyen Truong , Trong Nghia Hoang , Masashi Sugiyama

The successful emotional conversation system depends on sufficient perception and appropriate expression of emotions. In a real-life conversation, humans firstly instinctively perceive emotions from multi-source information, including the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Ying Zhang , Jinan Xu , Yufeng Chen , Jie Zhou

Humans are able to perceive, understand and reason about causal events. Developing models with similar physical and causal understanding capabilities is a long-standing goal of artificial intelligence. As a step towards this direction, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Tayfun Ates , M. Samil Atesoglu , Cagatay Yigit , Ilker Kesen , Mert Kobas , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem , Tilbe Goksun , Deniz Yuret

Understanding causal mechanisms across different populations is essential for designing effective public health interventions. Recently, difference graphs have been introduced as a tool to visually represent causal variations between two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Charles K. Assaad

Emotion-Cause Pair Extraction in Conversations (ECPEC) aims to identify the set of causal relations between emotion utterances and their triggering causes within a dialogue. Most existing approaches formulate ECPEC as an independent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tianxiang Ma , Weijie Feng , Xinyu Wang , Zhiyong Cheng

Empathy is an important characteristic to be considered when building a more intelligent and humanized dialogue agent. However, existing methods did not fully comprehend empathy as a complex process involving three aspects: cognition,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Pan Gao , Donghong Han , Rui Zhou , Xuejiao Zhang , Zikun Wang

A good empathetic dialogue system should first track and understand a user's emotion and then reply with an appropriate emotion. However, current approaches to this task either focus on improving the understanding of users' emotion or on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Yuhan Liu , Jun Gao , Jiachen Du , Lanjun Zhou , Ruifeng Xu