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Multiphase powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis remains a fundamental bottleneck in structure identification, as real-world synthesis often produces complex mixtures whose constituent phases (components) cannot be reliably disentangled.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hanyu Gao , Bin Cao , Yunyue Su , Tong-Yi Zhang , Qiang Liu

Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) is a cutting-edge volumetric imaging technique that allows for three-dimensional imaging of mesoscopic samples with decoupled illumination and detection paths. Although the selective excitation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Yu Liu , Kurt Weiss , Nassir Navab , Carsten Marr , Jan Huisken , Tingying Peng

Scientific researchers frequently use the in situ synchrotron high-energy powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique to examine the crystallographic structures of materials in functional devices such as rechargeable battery materials. We…

Deconvolution is the most commonly used image processing method to remove the blur caused by the point-spread-function (PSF) in optical imaging systems. While this method has been successful in deblurring, it suffers from several…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-10 Huangxuan Zhao , Ziwen Ke , Ningbo Chen , Ke Li , Lidai Wang , Xiaojing Gong , Wei Zheng , Liang Song , Zhicheng Liu , Dong Liang , Chengbo Liu

Recent interactive segmentation methods iteratively take source image, user guidance and previously predicted mask as the input without considering the invariant nature of the source image. As a result, extracting features from the source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Huimin Zeng , Weinong Wang , Xin Tao , Zhiwei Xiong , Yu-Wing Tai , Wenjie Pei

Knowledge gained through X-ray crystallography fostered structural determination of materials and greatly facilitated the development of modern science and technology in the past century. Atomic details of sample structures is achievable by…

Optics · Physics 2016-09-14 Hong Yu , Ronghua Lu , Shensheng Han , Honglan Xie , Guohao Du , Tiqiao Xiao , Daming Zhu

Diffeomorphic deformable image registration is one of the crucial tasks in medical image analysis, which aims to find a unique transformation while preserving the topology and invertibility of the transformation. Deep convolutional neural…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-09 Ameneh Sheikhjafari , Michelle Noga , Kumaradevan Punithakumar , Nilanjan Ray

Deep learning-based image fusion approaches have obtained wide attention in recent years, achieving promising performance in terms of visual perception. However, the fusion module in the current deep learning-based methods suffers from two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Dongyu Rao , Xiao-Jun Wu , Tianyang Xu , Guoyang Chen

We present STARRED, a Point Spread Function (PSF) reconstruction, two-channel deconvolution, and light curve extraction method designed for high-precision photometric measurements in imaging time series. An improved resolution of the data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-25 Martin Millon , Kevin Michalewicz , Frédéric Dux , Frédéric Courbin , Philip J. Marshall

Flow and diffusion models achieve high-fidelity, high-resolution image synthesis, but often require many function evaluations (NFEs) at sampling time. Existing acceleration methods either require additional training through distillation or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Anuska Roy , Pravin Nair

We present the development of a new algorithm which combines state-of-the-art energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy theory and a suitable machine learning formulation for the hyperspectral unmixing of scanning transmission electron…

The advent of handheld fundus imaging devices has made ophthalmologic diagnosis and disease screening more accessible, efficient, and cost-effective. However, images captured from these setups often suffer from artifacts such as flash…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Mathumetha Palani , Kavya Puthumana , Ayantika Das , Ganapathy Krishnamurthi

Recent advancements in Digital Document Restoration (DDR) have led to significant breakthroughs in analyzing highly damaged written artifacts. Among those, there has been an increasing interest in applying Artificial Intelligence techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Fabio Quattrini , Vittorio Pippi , Silvia Cascianelli , Rita Cucchiara

We present a computationally efficient expectation-maximization framework for multi-frame image deconvolution and super-resolution. Our method is well adapted for processing large scale imaging data from modern astronomical surveys. Our…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-07 Yashil Sukurdeep , Fausto Navarro , Tamas Budavari

Partial scan is a common approach to accelerate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data acquisition in both 2D and 3D settings. However, accurately reconstructing images from partial scan data (i.e., incomplete k-space matrices) remains…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-06 Xiaohan Liu , Yanwei Pang , Xuebin Sun , Yiming Liu , Yonghong Hou , Zhenchang Wang , Xuelong Li

Advancements in fast electron detectors have enabled the statistically significant sampling of crystal structures on the nanometre scale by means of Scanning Electron Nanobeam Diffraction (SEND). Characterisation of structural similarity…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-07-28 Andy Bridger , William I. F. David , Thomas J. Wood , Mohsen Danaie , Keith T. Butler

Multimode fibres are becoming increasingly attractive in optical endoscopy as they promise to enable unparalleled miniaturisation, spatial resolution and cost as compared to conventional fibre bundle-based counterpart. However, achieving…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Tianrui Zhao , Michelle T. Ma , Sebastien Ourselin , Tom Vercauteren , Wenfeng Xia

Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have exhibited highly effective performance for photorealistic novel view synthesis recently. However, the key limitation it meets is the reliance on a hand-crafted frequency annealing strategy to recover 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Rui Qian , Chenyangguang Zhang , Yan Di , Guangyao Zhai , Ruida Zhang , Jiayu Guo , Benjamin Busam , Jian Pu

Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) is a time-efficient approach to quantitative MRI, enabling the mapping of multiple tissue properties from a single, accelerated scan. However, achieving accurate reconstructions remains challenging,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-19 Perla Mayo , Carolin M. Pirkl , Alin Achim , Bjoern H. Menze , Mohammad Golbabaee

Recent advances in 3D scanning technology have enabled the deployment of 3D models in various industrial applications like digital twins, remote inspection and reverse engineering. Despite their evolving performance, 3D scanners, still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Stavros Nousias , Gerasimos Arvanitis , Aris S. Lalos , Konstantinos Moustakas