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Federated averaging (FedAvg) is a popular federated learning (FL) technique that updates the global model by averaging local models and then transmits the updated global model to devices for their local model update. One main limitation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Luong Trung Nguyen , Junhan Kim , Byonghyo Shim

Federated learning is a method of training a global model from decentralized data distributed across client devices. Here, model parameters are computed locally by each client device and exchanged with a central server, which aggregates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Sagar Dhakal , Saurav Prakash , Yair Yona , Shilpa Talwar , Nageen Himayat

Online federated learning (FL) enables geographically distributed devices to learn a global shared model from locally available streaming data. Most online FL literature considers a best-case scenario regarding the participating clients and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Francois Gauthier , Vinay Chakravarthi Gogineni , Stefan Werner , Yih-Fang Huang , Anthony Kuh

Federated learning (FL) as a promising edge-learning framework can effectively address the latency and privacy issues by featuring distributed learning at the devices and model aggregation in the central server. In order to enable efficient…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Chunmei Xu , Shengheng Liu , Zhaohui Yang , Yongming Huang , Kai-Kit Wong

Edge machine learning involves the deployment of learning algorithms at the network edge to leverage massive distributed data and computation resources to train artificial intelligence (AI) models. Among others, the framework of federated…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Qunsong Zeng , Yuqing Du , Kaibin Huang , Kin K. Leung

The rapid proliferation and growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to the development of federated learning (FL). FL allows wireless devices (WDs) to cooperatively learn by sharing only local model parameters, without needing to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Zihao Hu , Jia Yan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

In this paper, we consider communication-efficient over-the-air federated learning (FL), where multiple edge devices with non-independent and identically distributed datasets perform multiple local iterations in each communication round and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-29 Yinan Zou , Zixin Wang , Xu Chen , Haibo Zhou , Yong Zhou

The performance of Federated Learning (FL) hinges on the effectiveness of utilizing knowledge from distributed datasets. Traditional FL methods adopt an aggregate-then-adapt framework, where clients update local models based on a global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Yuan Wang , Huazhu Fu , Renuga Kanagavelu , Qingsong Wei , Yong Liu , Rick Siow Mong Goh

To further preserve model weight privacy and improve model performance in Federated Learning (FL), FL via Over-the-Air Computation (AirComp) scheme based on dynamic power control is proposed. The edge devices (EDs) transmit the signs of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Anbang Zhang , Shuaishuai Guo , Shuai Liu

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralised model training across distributed clients without requiring data centralisation. However, the generalisation performance of the global model is usually degraded by data heterogeneity across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ozgu Goksu , Nicolas Pugeault

Federated learning (FL) enables mobile devices to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping data locally. However, there are two major research challenges to practically deploy FL over mobile devices: (i) frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Liang Li , Chenpei Huang , Dian Shi , Hao Wang , Xiangwei Zhou , Minglei Shu , Miao Pan

Over-the-air (OTA) federated learning (FL) effectively utilizes communication bandwidth, yet it is vulnerable to errors during analog aggregation. While removing users with unfavorable channel conditions can mitigate these errors, it also…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Yang Zhao , Minrui Xu , Ping Wang , Dusit Niyato

Over-the-air (OTA) federated learning (FL) has been well recognized as a scalable paradigm that exploits the waveform superposition of the wireless multiple-access channel to aggregate model updates in a single use. Existing OTA-FL designs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Muhammad Faraz Ul Abrar , Nicolò Michelusi

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) integrates communication and model aggregation by exploiting the innate superposition property of wireless channels. The approach renders bandwidth efficient learning, but requires care in handling…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

Over-the-air federated learning (OTA-FL) provides bandwidth-efficient learning by leveraging the inherent superposition property of wireless channels. Personalized federated learning balances performance for users with diverse datasets,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jiayu Mao , Aylin Yener

In this paper, we develop an orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM)-based over-the-air (OTA) aggregation solution for wireless federated learning (FL). In particular, the local gradients in massive IoT devices are modulated by an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-28 Huayan Guo , Yifan Zhu , Haoyu Ma , Vincent K. N. Lau , Kaibin Huang , Xiaofan Li , Huabin Nong , Mingyu Zhou

We study federated learning (FL) over wireless fading channels where multiple devices simultaneously send their model updates. We propose an efficient age-aware edge-blind over-the-air FL approach that does not require channel state…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Ahmed M. Elshazly , Ahmed Arafa

Federated learning (FL) is an emerging technique that trains massive and geographically distributed edge data while maintaining privacy. However, FL has inherent challenges in terms of fairness and computational efficiency due to the rising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Yingchun Wang , Jingcai Guo , Jie Zhang , Song Guo , Weizhan Zhang , Qinghua Zheng

In this paper, we propose an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted federated learning (FL) framework that jointly optimizes UAV trajectory, user participation, power allocation, and data volume control to minimize overall system energy…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Chien-Wei Fu , Meng-Lin Ku

Under the organization of the base station (BS), wireless federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training among multiple devices. However, the BS is merely responsible for aggregating local updates during the training process,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jingheng Zheng , Wanli Ni , Hui Tian , Deniz Gunduz , Tony Q. S. Quek , Zhu Han