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Enhancing the mathematical reasoning of large language models (LLMs) demands high-quality training data, yet conventional methods face critical challenges in scalability, cost, and data reliability. To address these limitations, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sirui Chen , Changxin Tian , Binbin Hu , Kunlong Chen , Ziqi Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

Training large language models (LLMs) for external tool usage is a rapidly expanding field, with recent research focusing on generating synthetic data to address the shortage of available data. However, the absence of systematic data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Shadi Iskander , Nachshon Cohen , Zohar Karnin , Ori Shapira , Sofia Tolmach

Chinese Grammatical Error Correction (CGEC) is both a challenging NLP task and a common application in human daily life. Recently, many data-driven approaches are proposed for the development of CGEC research. However, there are two major…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Shirong Ma , Yinghui Li , Rongyi Sun , Qingyu Zhou , Shulin Huang , Ding Zhang , Li Yangning , Ruiyang Liu , Zhongli Li , Yunbo Cao , Haitao Zheng , Ying Shen

In this paper we show that GEC systems display gender bias related to the use of masculine and feminine terms and the gender-neutral singular "they". We develop parallel datasets of texts with masculine and feminine terms and singular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Gunnar Lund , Kostiantyn Omelianchuk , Igor Samokhin

In this paper, we propose three methods for generating synthetic samples to train and evaluate multimodal large language models capable of processing both text and speech inputs. Addressing the scarcity of samples containing both…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Vahid Noroozi , Zhehuai Chen , Somshubra Majumdar , Steve Huang , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Although current state-of-the-art language models have achieved impressive results in numerous natural language processing tasks, still they could not solve the problem of producing repetitive, dull and sometimes inconsistent text in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-10 An Nguyen

Resources for Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) in non-English languages are scarce, while available spellcheckers in these languages are mostly limited to simple corrections and rules. In this paper we introduce a first GEC corpus for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Teodor-Mihai Cotet , Stefan Ruseti , Mihai Dascalu

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) is an important aspect of natural language processing. Arabic has a complicated morphological and syntactic structure, posing a greater challenge than other languages. Even though modern neural models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Ahlam Alrehili , Areej Alhothali

We propose a training-free approach to improve sentence embeddings leveraging test-time compute by applying generative text models for data augmentation at inference time. Unlike conventional data augmentation that utilises synthetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Manuel Frank , Haithem Afli

The incorporation of pseudo data in the training of grammatical error correction models has been one of the main factors in improving the performance of such models. However, consensus is lacking on experimental configurations, namely,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Shun Kiyono , Jun Suzuki , Masato Mita , Tomoya Mizumoto , Kentaro Inui

Reliable evaluation is essential for understanding large language model (LLM) performance, yet today's go-to metrics, namely token-overlap scores (e.g., ROUGE) and embedding-based measures (e.g., BERTScore), often misjudge semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Siran Li , Ece Sena Etoglu , Carsten Eickhoff , Seyed Ali Bahrainian

A common and effective means for improving language model capabilities involves finetuning a ``student'' language model's parameters on generations from a more proficient ``teacher'' model. Termed ``synthetic data'', these generations are…

Semantic similarity measures are a key component in natural language processing tasks such as document analysis, requirement matching, and user input interpretation. However, the performance of individual measures varies considerably across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Jorge Martinez-Gil

Synthetic data becomes crucial for large language model training, but its effectiveness is highly inconsistent. We provide an information-theoretic account of this inconsistency: synthetic data improves a model only when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hanyu Li , Zhengqi Sun , Xiaotie Deng

Synthetic data has been proposed as a solution to address the issue of high-quality data scarcity in the training of large language models (LLMs). Studies have shown that synthetic data can effectively improve the performance of LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Jie Chen , Yupeng Zhang , Bingning Wang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen , Weipeng Chen

Language Models (LMs) continue to advance, improving response quality and coherence. Given Internet-scale training datasets, LMs have likely encountered much of what users may ask them to generate in some form during their training. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Michael Majurski , Cynthia Matuszek

Automatic evaluation of language generation systems is a well-studied problem in Natural Language Processing. While novel metrics are proposed every year, a few popular metrics remain as the de facto metrics to evaluate tasks such as image…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Ozan Caglayan , Pranava Madhyastha , Lucia Specia

Grammatical Error Correction has seen significant progress with the recent advancements in deep learning. As those methods require huge amounts of data, synthetic datasets are being built to fill this gap. Unfortunately, synthetic datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Asım Ersoy , Olcay Taner Yıldız

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) relies on accurate error annotation and evaluation, yet existing frameworks, such as $\texttt{errant}$, face limitations when extended to typologically diverse languages. In this paper, we introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Mengyang Qiu , Tran Minh Nguyen , Zihao Huang , Zelong Li , Yang Gu , Qingyu Gao , Siliang Liu , Jungyeul Park

With the further development of informatization, more and more data is stored in the form of text. There are some loss of text during their generation and transmission. The paper aims to establish a language model based on the large-scale…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-03 Ji Wen