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Maintaining factual consistency is a critical issue in abstractive text summarisation, however, it cannot be assessed by traditional automatic metrics used for evaluating text summarisation, such as ROUGE scoring. Recent efforts have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Jennifer A Bishop , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou

Long documents such as academic articles and business reports have been the standard format to detail out important issues and complicated subjects that require extra attention. An automatic summarization system that can effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Huan Yee Koh , Jiaxin Ju , Ming Liu , Shirui Pan

Evaluating the factual consistency of abstractive text summarization remains a significant challenge, particularly for long documents, where conventional metrics struggle with input length limitations and long-range dependencies. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zain Muhammad Mujahid , Dustin Wright , Isabelle Augenstein

Abstractive text summarization aims to shorten long text documents into a human readable form that contains the most important facts from the original document. However, the level of actual abstraction as measured by novel phrases that do…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-27 Wojciech Kryściński , Romain Paulus , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher

Our analysis of large summarization datasets indicates that redundancy is a very serious problem when summarizing long documents. Yet, redundancy reduction has not been thoroughly investigated in neural summarization. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Wen Xiao , Giuseppe Carenini

Neural models for abstractive summarization tend to generate output that is fluent and well-formed but lacks semantic faithfulness, or factuality, with respect to the input documents. In this paper, we analyze the tradeoff between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Markus Dreyer , Mengwen Liu , Feng Nan , Sandeep Atluri , Sujith Ravi

Summarization evaluation remains an open research problem: current metrics such as ROUGE are known to be limited and to correlate poorly with human judgments. To alleviate this issue, recent work has proposed evaluation metrics which rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Thomas Scialom , Paul-Alexis Dray , Patrick Gallinari , Sylvain Lamprier , Benjamin Piwowarski , Jacopo Staiano , Alex Wang

A commonly observed problem with the state-of-the art abstractive summarization models is that the generated summaries can be factually inconsistent with the input documents. The fact that automatic summarization may produce…

Deep learning has led to significant improvement in text summarization with various methods investigated and improved ROUGE scores reported over the years. However, gaps still exist between summaries produced by automatic summarizers and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Dandan Huang , Leyang Cui , Sen Yang , Guangsheng Bao , Kun Wang , Jun Xie , Yue Zhang

It is well known that the standard likelihood training and approximate decoding objectives in neural text generation models lead to less human-like responses for open-ended tasks such as language modeling and story generation. In this paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Joshua Maynez , Shashi Narayan , Bernd Bohnet , Ryan McDonald

By harnessing pre-trained language models, summarization models had rapid progress recently. However, the models are mainly assessed by automatic evaluation metrics such as ROUGE. Although ROUGE is known for having a positive correlation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Wonjin Yoon , Yoon Sun Yeo , Minbyul Jeong , Bong-Jun Yi , Jaewoo Kang

Automated evaluation metrics as a stand-in for manual evaluation are an essential part of the development of text-generation tasks such as text summarization. However, while the field has progressed, our standard metrics have not -- for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Manik Bhandari , Pranav Gour , Atabak Ashfaq , Pengfei Liu , Graham Neubig

Reference-based metrics such as ROUGE or BERTScore evaluate the content quality of a summary by comparing the summary to a reference. Ideally, this comparison should measure the summary's information quality by calculating how much…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Daniel Deutsch , Dan Roth

Evaluating multi-document summarization (MDS) quality is difficult. This is especially true in the case of MDS for biomedical literature reviews, where models must synthesize contradicting evidence reported across different documents. Prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Lucy Lu Wang , Yulia Otmakhova , Jay DeYoung , Thinh Hung Truong , Bailey E. Kuehl , Erin Bransom , Byron C. Wallace

The emergence of powerful LLMs has led to a paradigm shift in abstractive summarization of spoken documents. The properties that make LLMs so valuable for this task -- creativity, ability to produce fluent speech, and ability to abstract…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Margaret Kroll , Kelsey Kraus

Abstractive dialogue summarization is the task of distilling conversations into informative and concise summaries. Although reviews have been conducted on this topic, there is a lack of comprehensive work detailing the challenges of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Frederic Kirstein , Jan Philip Wahle , Bela Gipp , Terry Ruas

Abstractive summarization approaches based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) have recently been proposed to overcome classical likelihood maximization. RL enables to consider complex, possibly non-differentiable, metrics that globally assess…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Thomas Scialom , Sylvain Lamprier , Benjamin Piwowarski , Jacopo Staiano

Abstractive summarization is the task of compressing a long document into a coherent short document while retaining salient information. Modern abstractive summarization methods are based on deep neural networks which often require large…

Modern summarization models generate highly fluent but often factually unreliable outputs. This motivated a surge of metrics attempting to measure the factuality of automatically generated summaries. Due to the lack of common benchmarks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Artidoro Pagnoni , Vidhisha Balachandran , Yulia Tsvetkov

Evaluation of summarization tasks is extremely crucial to determining the quality of machine generated summaries. Over the last decade, ROUGE has become the standard automatic evaluation measure for evaluating summarization tasks. While…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Kavita Ganesan
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