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Achieving practical quantum advantage on near-term noisy hardware is a central goal of quantum computation. However, without efficient pre-execution diagnostics, circuit design and scheme selection often rely on costly hardware-in-the-loop…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Yuguo Shao , Zhenyu Chen , Zhaohui Wei , Zhengwei Liu

In the current NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era, simulating and verifying noisy quantum circuits is crucial but faces challenges such as quantum state explosion and complex noise representations, constraining simulation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Mingyu Huang , Ji Guan , Wang Fang , Mingsheng Ying

Noisy quantum devices demand error-mitigation techniques to be accurate yet simple and efficient in terms of number of shots and processing time. Many established approaches (e.g., extrapolation and quasi-probability cancellation) impose…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Seyed Mohamad Ali Tousi , G. N. DeSouza

We propose using variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) to simulate established quantum algorithms under realistic noise conditions, aiming to surpass the fidelity of theoretical circuits in noisy environments. Focusing on the Quantum…

Simulating noisy quantum circuits is vital in designing and verifying quantum algorithms in the current NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era, where quantum noise is unavoidable. However, it is much more inefficient than the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Mingyu Huang , Ji Guan , Wang Fang , Mingsheng Ying

Quantum computers have the possibility of a much reduced calculation load compared with classical computers in specific problems. Quantum error correction (QEC) is vital for handling qubits, which are vulnerable to external noise. In QEC,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Hideo Mukai , Hoshitaro Ohnishi

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) provides a practical route for estimating reliable observables on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Traditional QEM strategies, including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Huaxin Wang , Xinge Wu , Jiajun Liu , Ruiqing He , Jiandong Shang , Hengliang Guo , Qiang Chen

Recent advancements in quantum computing, alongside successful deployments of quantum communication, hold promises for revolutionizing mobile networks. While Quantum Machine Learning (QML) presents opportunities, it contends with challenges…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Himanshu Sahu , Hari Prabhat Gupta

An arbitrarily reliable quantum computer can be efficiently constructed from noisy components using a recursive simulation procedure, provided that those components fail with probability less than the fault-tolerance threshold. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-03 K. M. Svore , A. W. Cross , I. L. Chuang , A. V. Aho

Noise and imperfections are among the prevalent challenges in quantum software engineering for current NISQ systems. They will remain important in the post-NISQ area, as logical, error-corrected qubits will be based on software mechanisms.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Stefan Raimund Maschek , Jürgen Schwitalla , Maja Franz , Wolfgang Mauerer

Fault-tolerant quantum computing demands decoders that are fast, accurate, and adaptable to circuit structure and realistic noise. While machine learning (ML) decoders have demonstrated impressive performance for quantum memory, their use…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 J. Pablo Bonilla Ataides , Andi Gu , Susanne F. Yelin , Mikhail D. Lukin

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) offers significant potential for complex tasks like genome sequence classification, but quantum noise on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices poses practical challenges. This study systematically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Navneet Singh , Shiva Raj Pokhrel

The performance of quantum processors in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era is severely constrained by environmental noise and other uncertainties. While the recently proposed quantum control robustness landscape (QCRL) offers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Yang He , Zigui Zhang , Zibo Miao

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is critical in reducing the impact of noise in the pre-fault-tolerant era, and is expected to complement error correction in fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). In this paper, we propose a novel QEM…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Hrushikesh Pramod Patil , Dror Baron , Huiyang Zhou

In current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, hybrid quantum neural networks (HQNNs) offer a promising solution, combining the strengths of classical machine learning with quantum computing capabilities. However, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-27 Tasnim Ahmed , Muhammad Kashif , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

Near-term quantum machine learning (QML) models operate in environments wherein noise is unavoidable, arising from both imperfect classical data acquisition and the limitations of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware. Although…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Bhavna Bose , Muhammad Faryad

Near-term quantum computers have been built as intermediate-scale quantum devices and are fragile against quantum noise effects, namely, NISQ devices. Traditional quantum-error-correcting codes are not implemented on such devices and to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Yusuke Hama , Hirofumi Nishi

Quantum machine learning (QML) offers a promising avenue for advancing representation learning in complex signal domains. In this study, we investigate the use of parameterised quantum circuits (PQCs) for speech emotion recognition (SER) a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Thejan Rajapakshe , Rajib Rana , Farina Riaz , Sara Khalifa , Björn W. Schuller

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has recently emerged as a highly promising research frontier. Within this domain, Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs),characterized by Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) at their core and featuring layers of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Ban Q. Tran , Duong M. Chu , Hai T. D. Pham , Viet Q. Nguyen , Quan A. Pham , Susan Mengel

In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, one of the key questions is how to deal with the high noise level existing in physical quantum bits (qubits). Quantum error correction is promising but requires an extensive number (e.g.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Zhiding Liang , Zhepeng Wang , Junhuan Yang , Lei Yang , Jinjun Xiong , Yiyu Shi , Weiwen Jiang