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According to scientific realism, science gives us an approximately true description of what the world is like. But what does it mean? In this chapter, we focus on the ontological and metaphysical aspects of this discussion. That is, we are…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-01-17 Raoni Wohnrath Arroyo , Jonas R. B. Arenhart

Traditionally, to be a realist about something means believing in the independent existence of that something. In this line of thought, a scientific realist is someone who believes in the objective existence of the entities postulated by…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Raoni W. Arroyo , Jonas R. B. Arenhart

Much has been discussed in the philosophy of science about how we should understand the scientific enterprise. On the one hand, scientific realists believe that empirically adequate theories can be supplemented by interpretations that can…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-09-13 Raoni Arroyo , Christian de Ronde

I distinguish two senses in which one can take a given physical theory to be `complete'. On the first, a complete physical theory is one that, in principle, completely describes physical reality. On the second, a complete physical theory is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Michael E. Cuffaro

This paper explores the options available to the anti-realist to defend a Quinean empirical under-determination thesis using examples of dualities. I first explicate a version of the empirical under-determination thesis that can be brought…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Sebastian De Haro

Dualities in physics have challenged traditional forms of scientific realism by undermining the idea that theories describe a unique underlying ontology. In this paper, we develop a new perspective on scientific realism that responds to…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Richard Dawid , Guilherme Franzmann

In the present study we attempt to incorporate the philosophical dialogue about physical reality into the instructional process of quantum mechanics. Taking into account that both scientific realism and constructivism represent, on the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Vassilios Karakostas , Pandora Hadzidaki

Realism -- the idea that the concepts in physical theories refer to 'things' existing in the real world -- is introduced as a tool to analyze the status of the wave-function. Although the physical entities are recognized by the existence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Matzkin

The present study attempts to provide a consistent and coherent account of what the world could be like, given the conceptual framework and results of contemporary quantum theory. It is suggested that standard quantum mechanics can, and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-03-19 Vassilios Karakostas

We begin by discussing ``What exists?'', i.e. ontology, in Classical Physics which provided a description of physical phenomena at the macroscopic level. The microworld however necessitates a introduction of Quantum ideas for its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Virendra Singh

The text points out that one of the main contradictions of quantum realism, which is particularly relevant to the social sciences, is the tension between the existence of an observer-independent reality and the idea that this reality is…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-19 Henry Daniel Vera Ramirez

It is argued that the traditional "realist" methodology of physics, according to which human concepts, laws and theories can grasp the essence of reality, is incompatible with the most fruitful interpretation of quantum formalism. The proof…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-19 M. Ferrero , D. Salgado , J. L. Sanchez-Gomez

We discuss in this work the contradictory position in modern Physics between the existence of a microphysical quantum Reality and macrophysical classical one. After discussing some basic concepts in Philosophy, we revisit the situation of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-01-19 J. E. Horvath , R. Rosas Fernandes , T. E. Idiart

This paper shall explore the conjunction of eternalism and Everettian quantum mechanics. It shall be argued that there is a strong analogy between these two views. In case there is an indefinite number of worlds and observers that are all…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-05-29 Matias Slavov

Many attempts have been made to characterise and solve the infamous measurement problem of quantum mechanics by advocating, implicitly or explicitly, different realist perspectives. As a result, we are still uncertain where this problem and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-10-05 Jorge Alberto Manero Orozco , Juan Alberto Guzman Garcia

A discussion of the quantum mechanical use of superposition or entangled states shows that descriptions containing only statements about state vectors and experiments outputs are the most suitable for Quantum Mechanics. In particular, it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-05-25 Giuseppe Giuliani

The discussion of the foundations of quantum mechanics is complicated by the fact that a number of different issues are closely entangled. Three of these issues are i) the interpretation of probability, ii) the choice between realist and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Willem M. de Muynck

Disputes on the foundations of Quantum Mechanics often involve the conception of reality, without a clear definition on which aspect of this broad concept of reality one refers. We provide an overview of conceptions of reality in classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-08 Gerd Christian Krizek

Our notions of what is physically 'real' have long been based on the idea that the real is what is immediately apprehended, that is the local or observable, the physically tangible, though there has always been an alternative philosophical…

General Physics · Physics 2009-12-18 Peter Rowlands

We define realism using a slightly modified version of the EPR criterion of reality. This version is strong enough to show that relativity is incomplete. We show that this definition of realism is nonetheless compatible with the general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Ilja Schmelzer
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