Related papers: Certifying randomness in quantum state collapse
It is widely known that `collapse of the wave function' on a quantum system A may be brought about by an interaction with another quantum system B. We will prove that this is not just a possible, but a necessary consequence of information…
The rates at which a user can generate device-independent quantum random numbers from a Bell-type experiment depend on the measurements that he performs. By numerically optimising over these measurements, we present lower bounds on the…
The ultimate random number generators are those certified to be unpredictable -- including to an adversary. The use of simple quantum processes promises to provide numbers that no physical observer could predict but, in practice, unwanted…
Quantum random number generation (QRNG) is a resource that is a necessity in the field of cryptography. However, its certification has been challenging. In this article, we certify randomness with the aid of quantum entanglement in a device…
Quantum nonlocality offers a secure way to produce random numbers: their unpredictability is intrinsic and can be certified just by observing the statistic of the measurement outcomes, without assumptions on how they are produced. To do…
Unpredictability, or randomness, of the outcomes of measurements made on an entangled state can be certified provided that the statistics violate a Bell inequality. In the standard Bell scenario where each party performs a single…
Producing quantum states at random has become increasingly important in modern quantum science, with applications both theoretical and practical. In particular, ensembles of such randomly-distributed, but pure, quantum states underly our…
In a previous paper, we introduced a semi-device-independent scheme consisting of an untrusted source sending quantum states to an untrusted measuring device, with the sole assumption that the average energy of the states emitted by the…
A remarkable aspect of quantum theory is that certain measurement outcomes are entirely unpredictable to all possible observers. Such quantum events can be harnessed to generate numbers whose randomness is asserted based upon the underlying…
Reliable randomness is a core ingredient in algorithms and applications ranging from numerical simulations to statistical sampling and cryptography. The outcomes of measurements on entangled quantum states can violate Bell inequalities,…
Randomness is a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics, arising from the measurement process that collapses superpositions into definite outcomes according to Born's rule. Generating large-scale random quantum states is crucial for quantum…
The certification of randomness is essential for both fundamental science and information technologies. Unlike traditional random number generators, randomness obtained from nonlocal correlations is fundamentally guaranteed to be…
How much cryptographically-secure randomness can be extracted from a quantum state? This fundamental question probes the absolute limits of quantum random number generation (QRNG) and yet, despite the technological maturity of QRNGs, it…
Even if the output of a Random Number Generator (RNG) is perfectly uniformly distributed, it may be correlated to pre-existing information and therefore be predictable. Statistical tests are thus not sufficient to guarantee that an RNG is…
The peculiar uncertainty or randomness of quantum measurements stems from coherence, whose information-theoretic characterization is currently under investigation. Under the resource theory of coherence, it is interesting to investigate…
Quantum correlations between measurements of separated observers are crucial for applications like randomness generation and key distribution. Although device-independent security can be certified with minimal assumptions, current protocols…
It is shown how to obtain state vectors associated with measurements on the separated subystems of an entangled state, revealing how a single wavefunction encodes a set of statistical measurement outcomes. The result explains why…
We present an efficient method to extract the amount of true randomness that can be obtained by a Quantum Random Number Generator (QRNG). By repeating the measurements of a quantum system and by swapping between two mutually unbiased bases,…
Randomness is a very important resource for cryptography, algorithms, and scientific simulations. Since all classical processes are considered to be intrinsically deterministic, we must build quantum random number generators which utilize…
Quantum theory allows for randomness generation in a device-independent setting, where no detailed description of the experimental device is required. Here we derive a general upper bound on the amount of randomness that can be generated in…