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Post-training quantization (PTQ) is widely regarded as one of the most efficient compression methods practically, benefitting from its data privacy and low computation costs. We argue that an overlooked problem of oscillation is in the PTQ…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Yuexiao Ma , Huixia Li , Xiawu Zheng , Xuefeng Xiao , Rui Wang , Shilei Wen , Xin Pan , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji

The burgeoning complexity and scale of 3D geometry models pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained platforms. While Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) enables efficient inference without retraining, conventional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sicheng Pan , Chen Tang , Shuzhao Xie , Ke Yang , Weixiang Zhang , Jiawei Li , Bin Chen , Shu-Tao Xia , Zhi Wang

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are essential in computer vision but are computationally intensive, too. Model quantization, particularly to low bit-widths like 4-bit, aims to alleviate this difficulty, yet existing Post-Training Quantization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Guang Liang , Xinyao Liu , Jianxin Wu

Previous Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) methods for vision transformers rely on expensive retraining to recover accuracy loss in non-linear layer quantization, limiting their use in resource-constrained environments. In contrast,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Gihwan Kim , Jemin Lee , Hyungshin Kim

Transformers \citep{vaswani2017attention} have gradually become a key component for many state-of-the-art natural language representation models. A recent Transformer based model- BERT \citep{devlin2018bert} achieved state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Ashish Khetan , Zohar Karnin

We introduce a Power-of-Two low-bit post-training quantization(PTQ) method for deep neural network that meets hardware requirements and does not call for long-time retraining. Power-of-Two quantization can convert the multiplication…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Hongyi Yao , Pu Li , Jian Cao , Xiangcheng Liu , Chenying Xie , Bingzhang Wang

Traditional post-training quantization (PTQ) is considered an effective approach to reduce model size and accelerate inference of large-scale language models (LLMs). However, existing low-rank PTQ methods require costly fine-tuning to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Hongyaoxing Gul , Lijuan Hu , Shuzi Niu , Fangfang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) require immense resources for training and inference. Quantization, a technique that reduces the precision of model parameters, offers a promising solution for improving LLM efficiency and sustainability. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jacob Nielsen , Peter Schneider-Kamp , Lukas Galke

The recent introduction of Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) has demonstrated exceptional capabilities in image generation by using a different backbone architecture, departing from traditional U-Nets and embracing the scalable nature of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Junyi Wu , Haoxuan Wang , Yuzhang Shang , Mubarak Shah , Yan Yan

Due to the high memory and computational costs associated with large language models (LLMs), model compression techniques such as quantization, which reduces inference costs, and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods like Low-Rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Hyesung Jeon , Yulhwa Kim , Jae-joon Kim

Pre-trained language models such as BERT have shown remarkable effectiveness in various natural language processing tasks. However, these models usually contain millions of parameters, which prevents them from practical deployment on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Changsheng Zhao , Ting Hua , Yilin Shen , Qian Lou , Hongxia Jin

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is an efficient model compression technique that quantizes a pretrained full-precision model using only a small calibration set of unlabeled samples without retraining. PTQ methods for convolutional neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jaehyeon Moon , Dohyung Kim , Junyong Cheon , Bumsub Ham

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have enabled a variety of real-world applications. The large parameter size of VLMs brings large memory and computation overhead which poses significant challenges for deployment. Post-Training Quantization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Shiyao Li , Yingchun Hu , Xuefei Ning , Xihui Liu , Ke Hong , Xiaotao Jia , Xiuhong Li , Yaqi Yan , Pei Ran , Guohao Dai , Shengen Yan , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Quantization-aware training (QAT) schemes have been shown to achieve near-full precision accuracy. They accomplish this by training a quantized model for multiple epochs. This is computationally expensive, mainly because of the full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Saleh Ashkboos , Bram Verhoef , Torsten Hoefler , Evangelos Eleftheriou , Martino Dazzi

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance across domains but face significant challenges when deployed on consumer-grade GPUs or personal devices such as laptops, due to high memory consumption and inference costs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Li Lin , Xinyu Hu , Xiaojun Wan

Large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) such as BERT have recently achieved great success and become a milestone in natural language processing (NLP). It is now the consensus of the NLP community to adopt PLMs as the backbone for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Nan Hu , Yike Wu , Guilin Qi , Dehai Min , Jiaoyan Chen , Jeff Z. Pan , Zafar Ali

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising solution for reducing the storage and computational cost of vision transformers (ViTs). Recent advances primarily target at crafting quantizers to deal with peculiar activations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Runqing Jiang , Ye Zhang , Longguang Wang , Pengpeng Yu , Yulan Guo

In recent years, researchers tend to pre-train ever-larger language models to explore the upper limit of deep models. However, large language model pre-training costs intensive computational resources and most of the models are trained from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Cheng Chen , Yichun Yin , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Yujia Qin , Fengyu Wang , Zhi Wang , Xiao Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Qun Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown immense potential across various domains, but their high memory requirements and inference costs remain critical challenges for deployment. Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Tianyi Zhang , Anshumali Shrivastava

Masked language modeling (MLM), a self-supervised pretraining objective, is widely used in natural language processing for learning text representations. MLM trains a model to predict a random sample of input tokens that have been replaced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Atsuki Yamaguchi , George Chrysostomou , Katerina Margatina , Nikolaos Aletras