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We propose a novel hyperspectral (HS) anomaly detection method that is robust to various types of noise. Most existing HS anomaly detection methods are designed without explicit consideration of noise or are based on the assumption of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Koyo Sato , Shunsuke Ono

Non-intrusive inspection systems based on X-ray radiography techniques are routinely used at transport hubs to ensure the conformity of cargo content with the supplied shipping manifest. As trade volumes increase and regulations become more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Nicolas Jaccard , Thomas W. Rogers , Edward J. Morton , Lewis D. Griffin

Anomaly activities such as robbery, explosion, accidents, etc. need immediate actions for preventing loss of human life and property in real world surveillance systems. Although the recent automation in surveillance systems are capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-23 Snehashis Majhi , Srijan Das , Francois Bremond , Ratnakar Dash , Pankaj Kumar Sa

Automated X-ray inspection is crucial for efficient and unobtrusive security screening in various public settings. However, challenges such as object occlusion, variations in the physical properties of items, diversity in X-ray scanning…

Automatic detection of prohibited items within complex and cluttered X-ray security imagery is essential to maintaining transport security, where prior work on automatic prohibited item detection focus primarily on pseudo-colour (rgb})…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Neelanjan Bhowmik , Yona Falinie A. Gaus , Toby P. Breckon

Industrial visual inspection aims at detecting surface defects in products during the manufacturing process. Although existing anomaly detection models have shown great performance on many public benchmarks, their limited adjustability and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Tongkun Liu , Bing Li , Xiao Du , Bingke Jiang , Xiao Jin , Liuyi Jin , Zhuo Zhao

Obtaining ground truth data in medical imaging has difficulties due to the fact that it requires a lot of annotating time from the experts in the field. Also, when trained with supervised learning, it detects only the cases included in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Inha Kang , Jinah Park

Detecting baggage threats is one of the most difficult tasks, even for expert officers. Many researchers have developed computer-aided screening systems to recognize these threats from the baggage X-ray scans. However, all of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Taimur Hassan , Samet Akcay , Mohammed Bennamoun , Salman Khan , Naoufel Werghi

Anomaly detection is nowadays increasingly used in industrial applications and processes. One of the main fields of the appliance is the visual inspection for surface anomaly detection, which aims to spot regions that deviate from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Niccolò Ferrari , Michele Fraccaroli , Evelina Lamma

One pivot challenge for image anomaly (AD) detection is to learn discriminative information only from normal class training images. Most image reconstruction based AD methods rely on the discriminative capability of reconstruction error.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Dongyun Lin , Yiqun Li , Shudong Xie , Tin Lay Nwe , Sheng Dong

Automated systems designed for screening contraband items from the X-ray imagery are still facing difficulties with high clutter, concealment, and extreme occlusion. In this paper, we addressed this challenge using a novel multi-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Taimur Hassan , Samet Akcay , Mohammed Bennamoun , Salman Khan , Naoufel Werghi

Automated surface-anomaly detection using machine learning has become an interesting and promising area of research, with a very high and direct impact on the application domain of visual inspection. Deep-learning methods have become the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Domen Tabernik , Samo Šela , Jure Skvarč , Danijel Skočaj

Image anomaly detection consists in finding images with anomalous, unusual patterns with respect to a set of normal data. Anomaly detection can be applied to several fields and has numerous practical applications, e.g. in industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Claudio Piciarelli , Pankaj Mishra , Gian Luca Foresti

Reconstruction-based methods play an important role in unsupervised anomaly detection in images. Ideally, we expect a perfect reconstruction for normal samples and poor reconstruction for abnormal samples. Since the generalizability of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Jinlei Hou , Yingying Zhang , Qiaoyong Zhong , Di Xie , Shiliang Pu , Hong Zhou

The inability of state-of-the-art semantic segmentation methods to detect anomaly instances hinders them from being deployed in safety-critical and complex applications, such as autonomous driving. Recent approaches have focused on either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Giancarlo Di Biase , Hermann Blum , Roland Siegwart , Cesar Cadena

In recent years, the field of autonomous driving has witnessed remarkable advancements, driven by the integration of a multitude of sensors, including cameras and LiDAR systems, in different prototypes. However, with the proliferation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Irene Cortés , Jorge Beltrán , Arturo de la Escalera , Fernando García

The security infrastructure is ill-equipped to detect and deter the smuggling of non-explosive devices that enable terror attacks such as those recently perpetrated in western Europe. The detection of so-called "small metallic threats"…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Nicolas Jaccard , Thomas W. Rogers , Edward J. Morton , Lewis D. Griffin

Anomaly segmentation aims to identify Out-of-Distribution (OoD) anomalous objects within images. Existing pixel-wise methods typically assign anomaly scores individually and employ a global thresholding strategy to segment anomalies.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yuxing Liu , Ji Zhang , Zhou Xuchuan , Jingzhong Xiao , Huimin Yang , Jiaxin Zhong

Internal defect detection constitutes a critical process in ensuring component quality, for which anomaly detection serves as an effective solution. However, existing anomaly detection datasets predominantly focus on surface defects in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Haoyu Bai , Jie Wang , Gaomin Li , Xuan Li , Xiaohu Zhang , Xia Yang

Anomaly detection in supercomputers is a very difficult problem due to the big scale of the systems and the high number of components. The current state of the art for automated anomaly detection employs Machine Learning methods or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Andrea Borghesi , Andrea Bartolini , Michele Lombardi , Michela Milano , Luca Benini