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Large Language Models (LLMs) are acquiring a wider range of capabilities, including understanding and responding in multiple languages. While they undergo safety training to prevent them from answering illegal questions, imbalances in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Likai Tang , Niruth Bogahawatta , Yasod Ginige , Jiarui Xu , Shixuan Sun , Surangika Ranathunga , Suranga Seneviratne

Network log data analysis plays a critical role in detecting security threats and operational anomalies. Traditional log analysis methods for anomaly detection and root cause analysis rely heavily on expert knowledge or fully supervised…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Xuanhao Luo , Shivesh Madan Nath Jha , Akruti Sinha , Zhizhen Li , Yuchen Liu

Open Information Extraction (OpenIE) is a fundamental yet challenging task in Natural Language Processing, which involves extracting all triples (subject, predicate, object) from a given sentence. While labeling-based methods have their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Zhiyuan Fan , Shizhu He

Code-switching, alternating between languages within a conversation, is natural for multilingual users, yet poses fundamental challenges for large language models (LLMs). When a user code-switches in their prompt to an LLM, they typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Juhyun Oh , Haneul Yoo , Faiz Ghifari Haznitrama , Alice Oh

Effect systems are used to statically reason about the effects an expression may have when evaluated. In the literature, such effects include various behaviours as diverse as memory accesses and exception throwing. Here we present CallE, an…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Isaac Oscar Gariano , James Noble , Marco Servetto

Recent advances in large language models, particularly following GPT-4o, have sparked increasing interest in developing omni-modal models capable of understanding more modalities. While some open-source alternatives have emerged, there is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Zuyan Liu , Yuhao Dong , Jiahui Wang , Ziwei Liu , Winston Hu , Jiwen Lu , Yongming Rao

We describe Howl, an open-source wake word detection toolkit with native support for open speech datasets, like Mozilla Common Voice and Google Speech Commands. We report benchmark results on Speech Commands and our own freely available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Raphael Tang , Jaejun Lee , Afsaneh Razi , Julia Cambre , Ian Bicking , Jofish Kaye , Jimmy Lin

Over the years, adversarial attempts against critical services have become more effective and sophisticated in launching low-profile attacks. This trend has always been concerning. However, an even more alarming trend is the increasing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Javad Zandi , Lalchandra Rampersaud , Amin Kharraz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been observed to exhibit bias in numerous ways, potentially creating or worsening outcomes for specific groups identified by protected attributes such as sex, race, sexual orientation, or age. To help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Dylan Bouchard , Mohit Singh Chauhan , David Skarbrevik , Viren Bajaj , Zeya Ahmad

This paper introduces SCOPE-RL, a comprehensive open-source Python software designed for offline reinforcement learning (offline RL), off-policy evaluation (OPE), and selection (OPS). Unlike most existing libraries that focus solely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Haruka Kiyohara , Ren Kishimoto , Kosuke Kawakami , Ken Kobayashi , Kazuhide Nakata , Yuta Saito

Hate speech detection is a crucial area of research in natural language processing, essential for ensuring online community safety. However, detecting implicit hate speech, where harmful intent is conveyed in subtle or indirect ways,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yumin Kim , Hwanhee Lee

Reading comprehension is one of the crucial tasks for furthering research in natural language understanding. A lot of diverse reading comprehension datasets have recently been introduced to study various phenomena in natural language,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Dheeru Dua , Ananth Gottumukkala , Alon Talmor , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner

The wide adoption of Large language models (LLMs) makes their dependability a pressing concern. Detection of errors is the first step to mitigating their impact on a system and thus, efficient error detection for LLMs is an important issue.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Jinhua Zhu , Javier Conde , Zhen Gao , Pedro Reviriego , Shanshan Liu , Fabrizio Lombardi

Language Models (LMs) often cannot be deployed because of their potential to harm users in hard-to-predict ways. Prior work identifies harmful behaviors before deployment by using human annotators to hand-write test cases. However, human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Ethan Perez , Saffron Huang , Francis Song , Trevor Cai , Roman Ring , John Aslanides , Amelia Glaese , Nat McAleese , Geoffrey Irving

This paper highlights the significance of natural language processing (NLP) within artificial intelligence, underscoring its pivotal role in comprehending and modeling human language. Recent advancements in NLP, particularly in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Vlad-Cristian Matei , Iulian-Marius Tăiatu , Răzvan-Alexandru Smădu , Dumitru-Clementin Cercel

Black-box textual adversarial attacks are challenging due to the lack of model information and the discrete, non-differentiable nature of text. Existing methods often lack versatility for attacking different models, suffer from limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Mingze Ni , Yongshun Gong , Wei Liu

Work on hate speech has made the consideration of rude and harmful examples in scientific publications inevitable. This raises various problems, such as whether or not to obscure profanities. While science must accurately disclose what it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Debora Nozza , Dirk Hovy

Studies have shown that toxic behavior can cause contributors to leave, and hinder newcomers' (especially from underrepresented communities) participation in Open Source Software (OSS) projects. Thus, detection of toxic language plays a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Ramtin Ehsani , Rezvaneh Rezapour , Preetha Chatterjee

Writing exploits for security assessment is a challenging task. The writer needs to master programming and obfuscation techniques to develop a successful exploit. To make the task easier, we propose an approach (EVIL) to automatically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Pietro Liguori , Erfan Al-Hossami , Vittorio Orbinato , Roberto Natella , Samira Shaikh , Domenico Cotroneo , Bojan Cukic

Contributors to open source software must deeply understand a project's history to make coherent decisions which do not conflict with past reasoning. However, inspecting all related changes to a proposed contribution requires intensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Mouna Dhaouadi , Bentley Oakes , Michalis Famelis