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Related papers: Soft theorems for boosts and other time symmetries

200 papers

The symmetries of asymptotically flat spacetimes impose constraints on observables at infinity. The consequences of this have been extensively explored for S-matrix elements, where soft theorems are known to be equivalent to Ward identities…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-03 Ian Moult , Sruthi A. Narayanan , Sabrina Pasterski

We prove a Goldstone Theorem in thermal relativistic quantum field theory, which relates spontaneous symmetry breaking to the rate of space-like decay of the two-point function. The critical rate of fall-off coincides with that of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Christian D. Jaekel , Walter F. Wreszinski

Asymptotic particle states in four-dimensional celestial scattering amplitudes are labelled by their $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ Lorentz/conformal weights $(h,\bar{h})$ rather than the usual energy-momentum four-vector. These boost eigenstates…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-30 Monica Pate , Ana-Maria Raclariu , Andrew Strominger

Conformal invariance is spontaneously broken in many physical systems leading to the appearance of a single massless Goldstone mode in the spectrum, the dilaton. The dilaton soft limit is shown to generically encode the action of both the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-07-31 Rutger H. Boels , Wadim Wormsbecher

Kinematical and dynamical mechanisms leading to the spontaneous breaking of space-time symmetries are described. The symmetries affected are space and time translations, space rotations, scale and conformal transformations. Applications are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-03-13 Eliezer Rabinovici

We describe tree-level soft theorems for Chern-Simons QED and QCD in 4+1 dimensions. Soft theorems have been studied in various context in the past. The universal behavior of the leading and subleading soft theorems is understood as a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-26 Avi Wadhwa

In this letter we discuss new soft theorems for the Goldstone boson amplitudes with non-vanishing soft limits. The standard argument is that the non-linearly realized shift symmetry leads to the vanishing of scattering amplitudes in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-03-25 Karol Kampf , Jiri Novotny , Mikhail Shifman , Jaroslav Trnka

In this paper, we derive a soft theorem at leading and subleading orders within the context of BFSS matrix theory. Specifically, we consider the effective field theory describing interactions between bound states of D0-branes at leading…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-06 Davide Laurenzano , John F. Wheater

In this paper, we derive a soft photon theorem and a soft gluon theorem in the de Sitter spacetime from the Ward identity of the near cosmological horizon large gauge transformation. Taking the flat limit of the de Sitter spacetime, the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-11 Pujian Mao , Kai-Yu Zhang

Soft theorems describe the behavior of scattering amplitudes when one or several external particles are taken to be energetically soft. In tree-level gravity there are universal soft theorems for the three leading orders in the soft…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-24 Eivind Jørstad , Sruthi A. Narayanan

Soft graviton theorems receive one-loop contributions that are logarithmic in the energy of the soft graviton, and which are closely related to tails of gravitational waveforms. We demonstrate that these logarithmic corrections are encoded…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-25 Shreyansh Agrawal , Laura Donnay , Kevin Nguyen , Romain Ruzziconi

The spontaneous breaking of boost invariance is ubiquitous in nature, yet the associated Goldstone bosons are nowhere to be seen. We discuss why some subtleties are to be expected in the Goldstone phenomenon for spontaneously broken boosts,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-08-26 Lasma Alberte , Alberto Nicolis

We study soft theorems in a broader context, addressing their fate at loop level and their universality in effective field theories and string theory. We argue that for gauge theories in the planar limit, loop-level soft gluon theorems can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-30 Massimo Bianchi , Song He , Yu-tin Huang , Congkao Wen

We adapt the Goldstone theorem to study spontaneous symmetry breaking in relativistic theo- ries at finite charge density. It is customary to treat systems at finite density via non-relativistic Hamiltonians. Here we highlight the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-01-10 Alberto Nicolis , Federico Piazza

This chapter reviews the construction of ``soft-collinear gravity'', the effective field theory which describes the interaction of collinear and soft gravitons with matter (and themselves), to all orders in the soft-collinear power…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-20 Martin Beneke , Patrick Hager , Robert Szafron

We study the structure of the flat space wavefunctional in scalar field theories with nonlinearly realized symmetries. These symmetries imply soft theorems that are satisfied by wavefunction coefficients in the limit where one of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-29 Noah Bittermann , Austin Joyce

Space-time symmetries are a crucial ingredient of any theoretical model in physics. Unlike internal symmetries, which may or may not be gauged and/or spontaneously broken, space-time symmetries do not admit any ambiguity: they are gauged by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 Luca V. Delacretaz , Solomon Endlich , Alexander Monin , Riccardo Penco , Francesco Riva

Soft behaviours of S-matrix for massless theories reflect the underlying symmetry principle that enforces its masslessness. As an expansion in soft momenta, sub-leading soft theorems can arise either due to (I) unique structure of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-17 Andrea L. Guerrieri , Yu-tin Huang , Zhi-Zhong Li , Congkao Wen

In this paper, we study the scattering amplitudes and soft theorems for the sigma models with two scalars. We show that if the particles are Goldstone bosons, then you necessarily get Adler zero with no possibility for non-trivial soft…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-17 Karol Kampf , Jiri Novotny , Mikhail Shifman , Jaroslav Trnka

A shift symmetry is a ubiquitous ingredient in inflationary models, both in effective constructions and in UV-finite embeddings such as string theory. It has also been proposed to play a key role in certain Dark Energy and Dark Matter…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-06-06 Bernardo Finelli , Garrett Goon , Enrico Pajer , Luca Santoni