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Model Inversion Attacks (MIAs) pose a significant threat to data privacy by reconstructing sensitive training samples from the knowledge embedded in trained machine learning models. Despite recent progress in enhancing the effectiveness of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hongyao Yu , Yixiang Qiu , Hao Fang , Tianqu Zhuang , Bin Chen , Sijin Yu , Bin Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Recently, adapting the idea of self-supervised learning (SSL) on continuous speech has started gaining attention. SSL models pre-trained on a huge amount of unlabeled audio can generate general-purpose representations that benefit a wide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Wei-Tsung Kao , Hung-yi Lee

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used for graph-structured data but are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs) in graph classification tasks, which determine if a graph was part of the training dataset, potentially causing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Jiazhu Dai , Yubing Lu

Video large language models (VideoLLMs) are increasingly trained or instruction-tuned on large-scale video--text corpora collected from heterogeneous sources, raising an immediate privacy question: can an external auditor determine whether…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Wei Song , Yuxin Cao , Ziqi Ding , Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li

The pervasive deployment of deep learning models across critical domains has concurrently intensified privacy concerns due to their inherent propensity for data memorization. While Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) serve as the gold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chihan Huang , Huaijin Wang , Shuai Wang

Membership Inference Attacks have emerged as a dominant method for empirically measuring privacy leakage from machine learning models. Here, privacy is measured by the {\em{advantage}} or gap between a score or a function computed on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Ruihan Wu , Pengrun Huang , Kamalika Chaudhuri

Inference attacks against Machine Learning (ML) models allow adversaries to learn sensitive information about training data, model parameters, etc. While researchers have studied, in depth, several kinds of attacks, they have done so in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yugeng Liu , Rui Wen , Xinlei He , Ahmed Salem , Zhikun Zhang , Michael Backes , Emiliano De Cristofaro , Mario Fritz , Yang Zhang

Machine learning models have been shown to leak information violating the privacy of their training set. We focus on membership inference attacks on machine learning models which aim to determine whether a data point was used to train the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-02 Shadi Rahimian , Tribhuvanesh Orekondy , Mario Fritz

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great performance across various benchmarks, showing potential as general-purpose task solvers. However, as LLMs are typically trained on vast amounts of data, a significant concern in their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yujuan Fu , Ozlem Uzuner , Meliha Yetisgen , Fei Xia

Membership Inference Attacks exploit the vulnerabilities of exposing models trained on customer data to queries by an adversary. In a recently proposed implementation of an auditing tool for measuring privacy leakage from sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Abhinav Aggarwal , Zekun Xu , Oluwaseyi Feyisetan , Nathanael Teissier

Large Language Models (LLMs) utilize large amounts of data for their training, some of which may come from copyrighted sources. Membership Inference Attacks (MIA) aim to detect those documents and whether they have been included in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Juliusz Janicki , Savvas Chamezopoulos , Evangelos Kanoulas , Georgios Tsatsaronis

Machine learning models are vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to predict whether or not a particular sample was contained in the target model's training dataset. Existing attack methods have commonly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Yiyong Liu , Zhengyu Zhao , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have become the backbone of modern natural language processing but pose privacy concerns about leaking sensitive training data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether a sample is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Toan Tran , Ruixuan Liu , Li Xiong

Location data is frequently collected from populations and shared in aggregate form to guide policy and decision making. However, the prevalence of aggregated data also raises the privacy concern of membership inference attacks (MIAs). MIAs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Vincent Guan , Florent Guépin , Ana-Maria Cretu , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), inspired by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), aggregate the message of nodes' neighbors and structure information to acquire expressive representations of nodes for node classification, graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Mauro Conti , Jiaxin Li , Stjepan Picek , Jing Xu

In several jurisdictions, the regulatory framework on the release and sharing of personal data is being extended to machine learning (ML). The implicit assumption is that disclosing a trained ML model entails a privacy risk for any personal…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Josep Domingo-Ferrer

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) on code completion models offer an effective way to assess privacy risks by inferring whether a given code snippet was part of the training data. Existing black- and gray-box MIAs rely on expensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yuan Jiang , Zehao Li , Shan Huang , Christoph Treude , Xiaohong Su , Tiantian Wang

Member inference (MI) attacks aim to determine if a specific data sample was used to train a machine learning model. Thus, MI is a major privacy threat to models trained on private sensitive data, such as medical records. In MI attacks one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Gilad Cohen , Raja Giryes

Deep learning models, while achieving remarkable performances, are vulnerable to membership inference attacks (MIAs). Although various defenses have been proposed, there is still substantial room for improvement in the privacy-utility…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yuefeng Peng , Ali Naseh , Amir Houmansadr

Whether LLMs memorize their training data and what this means, from measuring privacy leakage to detecting copyright violations, has become a rapidly growing area of research. In the last few months, more than 10 new methods have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Matthieu Meeus , Igor Shilov , Shubham Jain , Manuel Faysse , Marek Rei , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye